glenmark pharmaceuticals inc., usa - Medication Listings

The chemical name for the active ingredient in Nebivolol Tablets is (αR,α'R,2R,2'S)-rel-α,α'-[iminobis(methylene)]bis[6-fluoro-3,4 dihydro-2H-1-Benzopyran-2-methanol] hydrochloride. Nebivolol is a racemate composed of d-Nebivolol and l-Nebivolol with the stereochemical designations of [SRRR]-nebivolol and [RSSS]-nebivolol, respectively. Nebivolol’s molecular formula is (C 22 H 25 F 2 NO 4 •HCl) with the following structural formula: MW: 441.9 g/mol Nebivolol hydrochloride is a white to off-white powder that is slightly soluble in methyl alcohol. Nebivolol as tablets for oral administration contains nebivolol hydrochloride equivalent to 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg of nebivolol base. In addition, nebivolol tablets contain the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, D&C Red #27 Lake (10 mg only), FD&C Blue #2 Lake, FD&C Yellow #6 Lake (5 mg only), lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch, crospovidone, povidone and talc. nebivolol hydrochloride structural formula

Nicardipine Hydrochloride Capsules for oral administration each contain 20 mg or 30 mg of nicardipine hydrochloride, USP. Nicardipine Hydrochloride Capsules are a calcium ion influx inhibitor (slow channel blocker or calcium channel blocker). Nicardipine hydrochloride, USP is a dihydropyridine structure with the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) chemical name 2-(benzyl-methyl amino)ethyl methyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(m‑nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate monohydrochloride, and it has the following structure: Nicardipine Hydrochloride, USP Molecular Formula C 26 H 29 N 3 O 6 . HCl Nicardipine hydrochloride, USP is a pale greenish-yellow, odorless, crystalline powder that melts at about 167°C to 171°C. It is freely soluble in methanol and acetic acid, sparingly soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in water. It has a molecular weight of 515.99. Each Nicardipine Hydrochloride Capsules, for oral administration, contains 20 mg or 30 mg nicardipine hydrochloride, USP. In addition, each capsule contains the following inactive ingredients: magnesium stearate, pregelatinized starch, titanium dioxide, gelatin and FD&C blue #1. The black printing ink contains black iron oxide, potassium hydroxide and shellac. structure

Nitroglycerin Sublingual Tablets, USP are stabilized sublingual compressed nitroglycerin tablet that contains 0.3 mg, 0.4 mg, or 0.6 mg nitroglycerin; as well as calcium stearate, croscarmellose sodium, silica dimethyl silylate and lactose monohydrate. Nitroglycerin, an organic nitrate, is a vasodilating agent. The chemical name for nitroglycerin is 1, 2, 3 propanetriol trinitrate and the chemical structure is: Molecular weight: 227.09 g/mol Z:\Regulatory Affairs\_Compliance\Drug Listings\Electronic\Gateway Submissions\Nitroglycerin SL Tablets\Version 7\structure.jpg

Each tablet contains 0.35 mg norethindrone, USP. Inactive ingredients include colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, D&C Yellow No. 10, ethyl cellulose, lactose anhydrous, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, sodium starch glycolate, methylene chloride, isopropyl alcohol and talc. structure

Norethindrone acetate tablets USP - 5 mg oral tablets. Norethindrone acetate USP, (17-hydroxy-19-nor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one acetate), a synthetic, orally active progestin, is the acetic acid ester of norethindrone. It is a white, or creamy white, crystalline powder. Norethindrone acetate tablets USP, 5 mg contain the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and talc. structure

Norethindrone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets, USP are progestogen-estrogen combinations. Each white to off-white tablet contains norethindrone acetate, USP (19-Norpregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one,17-(acetyloxy)-, (17α), 1 mg; ethinyl estradiol 19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-triene-20-yne-3,17-diol, (17 α), 20 mcg. Also contains acacia, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, corn starch, sucrose and talc. The structural formulas are as follows: structure1 structure2

Norethindrone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets, USP is a continuous dosage regimen of a progestin-estrogen combination for oral administration. The following two strengths of Norethindrone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets, USP are available as: Norethindrone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets USP (0.5 mg/2.5 mcg): Each light pink to pink, round, flat-faced beveled edge, uncoated tablet contains 0.5 mg norethindrone acetate, USP and 2.5 mcg ethinyl estradiol, USP. Norethindrone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets USP (1 mg/5 mcg): Each white to off-white, round, flat-faced beveled edge, uncoated tablet contains 1 mg norethindrone acetate, USP and 5 mcg ethinyl estradiol, USP. Each tablet also contains the following inactive ingredients: calcium stearate, cornstarch, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone and vitamin E and talc. The 0.5 mg/2.5 mcg light pink to pink tablet also contains D&C red no. 30. The structural formulas are as follows Ethinyl Estradiol, USP [19-Nor-17α-pregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol] Molecular Weight: 296.40 Molecular Formula: C 20 H 24 O 2 Norethindrone Acetate USP [19-Norpregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, 17-(acetyloxy)-, (17 α)] Molecular Weight: 340.46 Molecular Formula: C 22 H 28 O 3 eestructure noreestructure

Norethindrone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Capsules and Ferrous Fumarate Capsules contain norethindrone acetate, USP a progestin, and ethinyl estradiol, USP an estrogen. Norethindrone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Capsules and Ferrous Fumarate Capsules provides an oral contraceptive regimen consisting of 24 pink active soft gelatin capsules that contain the active ingredients, followed by 4 maroon non-hormonal placebo soft gelatin capsules as specified below: • 24 oval, opaque, pale pink soft gelatin capsules each containing 1 mg norethindrone acetate, USP and 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol, USP. • 4 oval, opaque, maroon, capsules each containing 75 mg ferrous fumarate, USP. Each pink active capsule also contains the following inactive ingredients: sesame oil, corn oil PEG-6 esters, DL-α-tocopherol, dehydrated alcohol, bovine 150 bloom gelatin, sorbitol sorbitan solution, glycerin, FD&C Red #40, and titanium dioxide. Each maroon non-hormonal placebo capsule contains ferrous fumarate, soybean oil, soybean lecithin, yellow beeswax, bovine 150 bloom gelatin, sorbitol sorbitan solution, glycerin, FD&C Blue #1, FD&C Red #40 and titanium dioxide. The ferrous fumarate capsules do not serve any therapeutic purpose. The chemical name of ethinyl estradiol, USP is [19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol, (17α)-]. The empirical formula of ethinyl estradiol is C 20 H 24 O 2 and the structural formula is: The chemical name of norethindrone acetate, USP is [19-Norpregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, 17-(acetyloxy)-, (17α)]. The empirical formula of norethindrone acetate is C 22 H 28 O 3 and the structural formula is: ethinylestradiol norethindroneacetate

Norethindrone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets USP and Ferrous Fumarate Tablets USP provides an oral contraceptive regimen consisting of 24 white active chewable tablets that contain the active ingredients, followed by 4 brown non-hormonal placebo tablets as specified below: • 24 white to off-white, round, flat faced beveled edge, uncoated tablets debossed with “21” on one side and “Y” on the other side each containing 1 mg norethindrone acetate, USP and 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol, USP • 4 brown to dark brown, round, flat faced beveled edge, uncoated tablets debossed with “18” on one side and “G” on the other side each containing 75 mg ferrous fumarate Each white active chewable tablet also contains the following inactive ingredients: acacia, corn starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, spearmint flavor, sucralose, sucrose and talc. Each brown placebo tablet contains acacia, corn starch, ferrous fumarate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, sucralose and talc. The ferrous fumarate tablets do not serve any therapeutic purpose. The empirical formula of ethinyl estradiol, USP is C 20 H 24 O 2 and the structural formula is: The chemical name of ethinyl estradiol, USP is [19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol, (17α)-]. The molecular weight of ethinyl estradiol, USP is 296.40. The empirical formula of norethindrone acetate, USP is C 22 H 28 O 3 and the structural formula is: The chemical name of norethindrone acetate, USP is [19-Norpregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, 17-(acetyloxy)-, (17α)-]. The molecular weight of norethindrone acetate, USP is 340.46. EEstructure.jpg NEstructure.jpg

Each of the following products is a combination oral contraceptive containing the progestational compound norgestimate, USP and the estrogenic compound ethinyl estradiol, USP. Norgestimate, USP is designated as (18,19-Dinor-17-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one,17-(acetyloxy)-13-ethyl-,oxime,(17α)-(+)-) and ethinyl estradiol, USP is designated as (19-nor-17α-pregna,1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol). Norgestimate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets, USP 0.25 mg/0.035 mg • Each blue tablet contains 0.25 mg of norgestimate, USP and 0.035 mg of ethinyl estradiol, USP. Inactive ingredients include lactose monohydrate, povidone, FD&C Blue No. 2, colloidal silicon dioxide, talc, magnesium stearate, and pregelatinized starch. • Each light green tablet contains only inert ingredients, as follows: D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Blue No. 2, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch and talc. Norgestimate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets, USP 0.18 mg/0.035 mg, 0.215 mg/0.035 mg, 0.25 mg/0.035 mg • Each white to off-white tablet contains 0.18 mg of norgestimate, USP and 0.035 mg of ethinyl estradiol, USP. Inactive ingredients include lactose monohydrate, povidone, magnesium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, talc and pregelatinized starch. • Each light blue tablet contains 0.215 mg of norgestimate, USP and 0.035 mg of ethinyl estradiol, USP. Inactive ingredients include FD & C Blue No. 2, lactose monohydrate, povidone, magnesium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, talc and pregelatinized starch. • Each blue tablet contains 0.25 mg of norgestimate, USP and 0.035 mg of ethinyl estradiol, USP. Inactive ingredients include FD & C Blue No. 2, lactose monohydrate, povidone, magnesium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, talc and pregelatinized starch. • Each light green tablet contains only inert ingredients, as follows: D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Blue No. 2, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch and talc. chemstructures

Nystatin and Triamcinolone Acetonide Ointment USP for dermatologic use contains the antifungal agent nystatin, USP and the synthetic corticosteroid triamcinolone acetonide, USP. Nystatin, USP is a polyene antimycotic obtained from Streptomyces noursei . It is a yellow to light tan powder, having an odor suggestive of cereals. Is hygroscopic, and is affected by long exposure to light, heat, and air. It freely soluble in dimethylformamide and in dimethyl sulfoxide, slightly to sparingly soluble in methanol, in n-propyl alcohol, and in n-butyl alcohol, practically insoluble in water and in alcohol; insoluble in chloroform and in ether. Structural formula: C 47 H 75 NO 17 MW = 926.11 g/mol Triamcinolone acetonide, USP is designated chemically as Pregna-1, 4-diene-3,20-dione,9-fluoro-11,21-dihydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-,(11β,16α)-9-Fluoro-11β,16α,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione cyclic 16, 17-acetal with acetone. The white to cream colored, crystalline powder, having not more than a slight odor, is practically insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in dehydrated alcohol, in chloroform and in methanol. Structural formula: C 24 H 31 FO 6 MW = 434.50 g/mol Each gram of Nystatin and Triamcinolone Acetonide Ointment provides 100,000 USP Nystatin units and 1 mg Triamcinolone Acetonide, USP in an ointment base of mineral oil and white petrolatum. nystatin-image triamcinolone-structure

Nystatin and Triamcinolone Acetonide Cream, USP for dermatologic use contains the antifungal agent nystatin, USP and the synthetic corticosteroid triamcinolone acetonide, USP. Nystatin, USP is a polyene antimycotic obtained from Streptomyces noursei . It is a yellow to light tan, hygroscopic powder, having a bitter taste and an odor suggestive of cereals. It is freely soluble in dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide; slightly to sparingly soluble in methanol, n-propyl alcohol, and n-butyl alcohol; practically insoluble in water and alcohol; insoluble in chloroform and ether. Structural formula: C 47 H 75 NO 17 ; MW = 926.11 g/mol Triamcinolone acetonide, USP is designated chemically as pregna-1, 4-diene-3,20-dione,9-fluoro-11,21-dihydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-,(11β,16α)-9-fluoro-11β,16α,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione cyclic 16, 17-acetal with acetone. The white to cream colored, crystalline powder, having not more than a slight odor, is practically insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in dehydrated alcohol, in chloroform and in methanol. Structural formula: C 24 H 31 FO 6 ; MW = 434.50 g/mol Nystatin and Triamcinolone Acetonide Cream, USP is a soft, smooth yellow color cream. Each gram provides 100,000 USP Nystatin units and 1 mg Triamcinolone Acetonide, USP in a cream base with dried aluminum hydroxide gel, glyceryl monostearate, methylparaben, polyethylene glycol 400 monostearate, polyoxyl 20 cetostearyl ether, polysorbate-60, propylene glycol, propylparaben, purified water, simethicone emulsion, sorbic acid, sorbitol, titanium dioxide, and white petrolatum. nystatin-image triamcinolone-structure

Octreotide acetate injection, a cyclic octapeptide prepared as a clear sterile solution of octreotide, acetate salt, in a buffered lactic acid solution for administration by deep subcutaneous or IV injection. Octreotide acetate, known chemically as L-Cysteinamide, D-phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-N-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)propyl]-,cyclic (2 → 7)-disulfide; [R-(R*, R*)] acetate salt, is a long-acting octapeptide with pharmacologic actions mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. Octreotide acetate injection is available as sterile 1 mL single-dose vials in 2 strengths containing 100 mcg or 500 mcg octreotide (as acetate). Each single-dose vial also contains lactic acid, USP (3.4 mg), mannitol, USP (45 mg), sodium bicarbonate, USP (quantity sufficient to pH 4.2 ± 0.3), water for injection, USP (quantity sufficient to 1 mL). Lactic acid and sodium bicarbonate are added to provide a buffered solution, pH to 4.2 ± 0.3. The molecular weight of octreotide acetate is 1019.3 g/mol (free peptide, C 49 H 66 N 10 O 10 S 2 ) and its amino acid sequence is: octreotide-spl-structure

Olmesartan medoxomil, USP a prodrug, is hydrolyzed to olmesartan during absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Olmesartan is a selective AT 1 subtype angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Olmesartan medoxomil, USP is described chemically as 4-(1-Hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-2-propyl-1-2-(1H-5-tetrazolyl) biphenyl-4-ylmethyl] imidazole-5-carboxylic acid 5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-ylmethyl ester. Its molecular formula is C 29 H 30 N 6 O 6 and its structural formula is: Olmesartan medoxomil, USP is a white to off-white powder with a molecular weight of 558.58 g/mol. It is sparingly soluble in methanol; practically insoluble in water. Olmesartan Medoxomil Tablets, USP are available for oral use as film‑coated tablets containing 5 mg, 20 mg, or 40 mg of olmesartan medoxomil, USP and the following inactive ingredients: hydrogenated castor oil, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, talc, titanium dioxide, and (5 mg only) yellow iron oxide. FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP. structure

The active ingredient in Ondansetron Tablets, USP is ondansetron hydrochloride, USP as the dihydrate, the racemic form of ondansetron and a selective blocking agent of the serotonin 5-HT 3 receptor type. Chemically it is (±) 1, 2, 3, 9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-4H-carbazol-4-one, monohydrochloride, dihydrate. It has the following structural formula: The empirical formula is C 18 H 19 N 3 O•HCl•2H 2 O, representing a molecular weight of 365.85 g/mol. Ondansetron hydrochloride, USP (dihydrate) is a white to off-white powder that is sparingly soluble in water and in alcohol; soluble in methanol, slightly soluble in isopropyl alcohol, and in dichloromethane; very slightly soluble in acetone, in chloroform and in ethyl acetate. The active ingredient in Ondansetron Orally Disintegrating Tablets, USP is ondansetron base, the racemic form of ondansetron, and a selective blocking agent of the serotonin 5-HT 3 receptor type. Chemically it is (±) 1, 2, 3, 9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-4H-carbazol-4-one. It has the following structural formula: The empirical formula is C 18 H 19 N 3 O representing a molecular weight of 293.4 g/mol. Each 4-mg Ondansetron Tablet, USP for oral administration contains ondansetron hydrochloride, USP (dihydrate) equivalent to 4 mg of ondansetron. Each 8-mg Ondansetron Tablet, USP for oral administration contains ondansetron hydrochloride, USP (dihydrate) equivalent to 8 mg of ondansetron. Each tablet also contains the inactive ingredients colloidal silicon dioxide, hypromellose, iron oxide yellow (8 mg tablet only), lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch, titanium dioxide and triacetin. Each 4-mg Ondansetron Orally Disintegrating Tablet, USP for oral administration contains 4 mg ondansetron base. Each 8-mg Ondansetron Orally Disintegrating Tablet, USP for oral administration contains 8 mg ondansetron base. Each Ondansetron Orally Disintegrating Tablet, USP also contains the inactive ingredients aspartame, colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, mannitol, sodium stearyl fumarate and strawberry flavor. Ondansetron Orally Disintegrating Tablets, USP are an orally administered formulation of ondansetron which rapidly disintegrates on the tongue and does not require water to aid dissolution or swallowing. This product disintegrates in approximately 60 seconds. Ondansetron Orally Disintegrating Tablets, USP meet USP Disintegration Test 2. structure-hcl structure-base

Oxcarbazepine Tablets USP are an antiepileptic drug available as 150 mg, 300 mg, and 600 mg film-coated tablets for oral administration. Oxcarbazepine, USP is 10,11-Dihydro-10-oxo- 5H -dibenz[b, f ]azepine-5-carboxamide, and its structural formula is: Oxcarbazepine, USP is a light orange to creamish white or off-white powder. It is soluble in acetic acid, sparingly soluble in chloroform, practically insoluble in water. Its molecular weight is 252.27 g/mol. Oxcarbazepine film-coated tablets contain the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, ferric oxide (yellow), hypromellose, magnesium stearate, meglumine, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, and titanium dioxide. structure

Pimecrolimus Cream, 1%, for topical use, contains the compound pimecrolimus, the immunosuppressant 33-epi-chloro-derivative of the macrolactam ascomycin. Chemically, pimecrolimus is (1R,9S,12S,13S,14S,17R,21S,23S,24R,25S,27R)-12-[(1E)-1-[(1R,3R,4S)-4-chloro-3-methoxycyclohexyl]prop-1-en-2-yl]-17-ethyl-1,14-dihydroxy-23,25-dimethoxy-13,19, 21,27-tetramethyl-11,28-dioxa-4-azatricyclo[22.3.1.0 4,9 ]octacos-18-ene-2,3,10,16-tetrone. The compound has the empirical formula C 43 H 68 CINO 11 and the molecular weight of 810.45. The structural formula is: Pimecrolimus is a white to off-white powder. It is freely soluble in methylethylketone, methylisobutylketone, dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran, soluble in acetone, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile and toluene, sparingly soluble in isopropanol and practically insoluble in water. Each gram of Pimecrolimus Cream, 1% contains 10 mg of pimecrolimus in a white to off-white cream base of benzyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, citric acid anhydrous, mono- and di-glycerides, oleyl alcohol, propylene glycol, purified water, sodium cetostearyl sulfate, sodium hydroxide, stearyl alcohol, and triglycerides. structure

PIRNUO TM Cream (Mupirocin Cream USP, 2%) contains the dihydrate crystalline calcium hemi-salt of the RNA synthetase inhibitor antibacterial, mupirocin. Chemically, it is (α E, 2 S ,3 R ,4 R ,5 S )-5-[(2 S ,3 S ,4 S ,5 S )-2,3-epoxy-5-hydroxy-4-methylhexyl]tetrahydro-3,4-dihydroxy-β-methyl-2 H -pyran-2-crotonic acid, ester with 9-hydroxynonanoic acid, calcium salt (2:1), dihydrate. The molecular formula of mupirocin calcium, USP is (C 26 H 43 O 9 ) 2 Ca•2H 2 O, and the molecular weight is 1075.3 g/mol. The molecular weight of mupirocin free acid is 500.6 g/mol. The structural formula of mupirocin calcium, USP is: Figure 1. Structure of Mupirocin Calcium, USP PIRNUO TM Cream (Mupirocin Cream USP, 2%) is a white cream that contains 20 mg (2% w/w) of mupirocin equivalent to 21.5 mg (2.15% w/w) of mupirocin calcium, USP in an oil- and water-based emulsion. The inactive ingredients are benzyl alcohol, glycerol monostearate, mineral oil, phenoxyethanol, polyoxyl 20 cetostearyl ether, purified water and xanthan gum. Structure

Posaconazole is an azole antifungal agent. Posaconazole is available as an injection solution to be diluted before intravenous administration. Posaconazole is designated chemically as 4-[4-[4-[4-[[ ( 3R , 5R )-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-5-(1 H -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-3-furanyl]methoxy]phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]phenyl]-2-[( 1S , 2S )-1-ethyl-2-hydroxypropyl]-2,4-dihydro-3 H -1,2,4-triazol-3-one with an empirical formula of C 37 H 42 F 2 N 8 O 4 and a molecular weight of 700.8. The chemical structure is: Posaconazole is a white powder with a low aqueous solubility. Posaconazole Injection Posaconazole injection is available as a clear colorless to yellow, sterile liquid essentially free of foreign matter. Each vial contains 300 mg of posaconazole and the following inactive ingredients: 6.68 g Betadex Sulfobutyl Ether Sodium (SBECD), 0.0033 g edetate disodium dihydrate, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 2.6, and water for injection. posaconazole-spl-structure

Posaconazole is an azole antifungal agent. Posaconazole is available as an injection solution to be diluted before intravenous administration. Posaconazole is designated chemically as 4-[4-[4-[4-[[ ( 3R , 5R )-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-5-(1 H -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-3-furanyl]methoxy]phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]phenyl]-2-[( 1S , 2S )-1-ethyl-2-hydroxypropyl]-2,4-dihydro-3 H -1,2,4-triazol-3-one with an empirical formula of C 37 H 42 F 2 N 8 O 4 and a molecular weight of 700.8. The chemical structure is: Posaconazole is a white powder with a low aqueous solubility. Posaconazole Injection Posaconazole injection is available as a clear colorless to yellow, sterile liquid essentially free of foreign matter. Each vial contains 300 mg of posaconazole and the following inactive ingredients: 6.68 g Betadex Sulfobutyl Ether Sodium (SBECD), 0.0033 g edetate disodium dihydrate, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 2.6, and water for Injection. posaconazole-spl-structure

The potassium chloride extended-release tablets, USP 20 mEq product is an immediately dispersing extended-release oral dosage form of potassium chloride containing 1500 mg of microencapsulated potassium chloride, USP equivalent to 20 mEq of potassium in a tablet. The potassium chloride extended-release tablets, USP 10 mEq product is an immediately dispersing extended-release oral dosage form of potassium chloride containing 750 mg of microencapsulated potassium chloride, USP equivalent to 10 mEq of potassium in a tablet. These formulations are intended to slow the release of potassium so that the likelihood of a high localized concentration of potassium chloride within the gastrointestinal tract is reduced. Potassium chloride is an electrolyte replenisher. The chemical name of the active ingredient is potassium chloride, and the structural formula is KCl. Potassium chloride, USP occurs as a white, crystalline powder. It is odorless and has a saline taste. It is freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol. Potassium chloride is a tablet formulation (not enteric coated or wax matrix) containing individually microencapsulated potassium chloride crystals which disperse upon tablet disintegration. In simulated gastric fluid at 37°C and in the absence of outside agitation, potassium chloride tablets begin disintegrating into microencapsulated crystals within seconds and completely disintegrate within 1 minute. The microencapsulated crystals are formulated to provide an extended-release of potassium chloride. This product complies with USP assay preparation 2. Inactive Ingredients: crospovidone, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and talc.

Potassium chloride extended-release capsules, USP, 10 mEq is an oral dosage form of microencapsulated potassium chloride containing 750 mg of potassium chloride USP equivalent to 10 mEq of potassium. Dispersibility of potassium chloride (KCl) is accomplished by microencapsulation and a dispersing agent. The resultant flow characteristics of the KCl microcapsules and the controlled release of K+ ions by the microcapsular membrane are intended to avoid the possibility that excessive amounts of KCl can be localized at any point on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. Each crystal of KCl is microencapsulated by a process with an insoluble polymeric coating which functions as a semi-permeable membrane; it allows for the controlled release of potassium and chloride ions over an eight-to-ten-hour period. Fluids pass through the membrane and gradually dissolve the potassium chloride within the micro-capsules. The resulting potassium chloride solution slowly diffuses outward through the membrane. Potassium chloride extended-release capsules, USP, 10 mEq are electrolyte replenishers. The chemical name of the active ingredient is potassium chloride USP and the structural formula is KCl. Potassium chloride USP occurs as a granular crystalline powder. It is freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol. The inactive ingredients are, ethylcellulose, FD&C red #3, FD&C yellow # 6, gelatin, magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate, talc and titanium dioxide. The imprinting ink contains the following: black iron oxide, potassium hydroxide and shellac.

Pramipexole Dihydrochloride Tablets contain pramipexole, a nonergot dopamine agonist. The chemical name of pramipexole dihydrochloride, USP is (S)-2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-6-(propylamino) benzothiazole dihydrochloride monohydrate. Its empirical formula is C 10 H 17 N 3 S. 2 HCl.H 2 O, and its molecular weight is 302.26. The structural formula is: Pramipexole dihydrochloride, USP is a white to off-white powder. Melting occurs in the range of 296°C to 298°C. Pramipexole dihydrochloride, USP is soluble in methanol and water. Pramipexole Dihydrochloride Tablets, for oral administration, contain 0.125 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 0.75 mg, 1 mg, or 1.5 mg of pramipexole dihydrochloride, USP. Inactive ingredients consist of mannitol, corn starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, povidone K-30, and magnesium stearate. chemicalstructure

Pravastatin Sodium Tablets, USP is a statin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Pravastatin sodium, USP is designated chemically as 1-Naphthaleneheptanoic acid, 1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-β,δ,6-trihydroxy-2-methyl-8-(2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)-, monosodium salt, [1S-[1α(βS*,δS*),2α,6α,8β(R*),8aα]]-. Structural formula: Pravastatin sodium, USP is an odorless, white to off-white, fine or crystalline powder. It is a relatively polar hydrophilic compound with a partition coefficient (octanol/water) of 0.59 at a pH of 7.0. It is soluble in methanol and water (>300 mg/mL), slightly soluble in isopropanol, and practically insoluble in acetone, acetonitrile, chloroform, and ether. Pravastatin Sodium Tablets, USP for oral use contain 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, and 80 mg pravastatin sodium, which is equivalent to 9.48 mg, 18.97 mg, 37.94 mg and 75.88 mg of pravastatin, respectively. Inactive ingredients include: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, meglumine, microcrystalline cellulose and starch. The 10 mg, 20 mg and 80 mg tablets also contain D&C yellow no. 10 aluminum lake and the 40 mg tablet also contains D&C yellow no. 10 aluminum lake and FD&C blue no. 1 aluminum lake. structure

Prochlorperazine, USP is a phenothiazine derivative, present in prochlorperazine tablets as the maleate. Its chemical name is 2-chloro-10-[3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl]phenothiazine maleate (1:2), empirical formula is C 20 H 24 CIN 3 S•2C 4 H 4 O 4 , molecular weight is 606.09 and has the following structure. Prochlorperazine Maleate, USP Prochlorperazine maleate, USP is white or pale yellow crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water and in alcohol; slightly soluble in warm chloroform. Each tablet, for oral administration contains prochlorperazine maleate, USP equivalent to 5 mg or 10 mg of prochlorperazine. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, diethyl phthalate, ethyl cellulose, FD&C blue no. 2 aluminium lake, FD&C red no. 40 aluminium lake, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, poloxamer 188, pregelatinized starch, stearic acid 50, talc and titanium dioxide. structure

Propafenone Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules USP are an antiarrhythmic drug supplied in extended-release capsules of 225 mg, 325 mg and 425 mg for oral administration. Chemically, propafenone hydrochloride, USP is 2’-[2-hydroxy-3-(propylamino)-propoxy]-3-phenylpropiophenone hydrochloride, with a molecular weight of 377.9 g/mol. The molecular formula is C 21 H 27 NO 3 •HCl. Propafenone hydrochloride, USP has some structural similarities to beta-blocking agents. The structural formula of propafenone hydrochloride, USP is given below: Propafenone hydrochloride, USP occurs as a white to almost white powder or crystals. It is soluble in methanol and in hot water; slightly soluble in alcohol and in chloroform; very slightly soluble in acetone; insoluble in diethyl ether and in toluene. Propafenone Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules USP are filled with white to off white colored, round shaped flat mini tablets, containing propafenone hydrochloride, USP and the following inactive ingredients: black iron oxide, gelatin, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, potassium hydroxide, shellac, sodium lauryl sulfate and titanium dioxide. USP dissolution test is pending. Structure.jpg

Raloxifene hydrochloride, USP is an estrogen agonist/antagonist, commonly referred to as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that belongs to the benzothiophene class of compounds. The chemical structure is: The chemical designation is methanone, [6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzo[ b ]thien-3-yl]-[4-[2-(1-piperidinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]-, hydrochloride. Raloxifene hydrochloride, USP has the empirical formula C 28 H 27 NO 4 S•HCl, which corresponds to a molecular weight of 510.05 g/mol. Raloxifene hydrochloride, USP is almost white or pale-yellow powder that is freely soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide, slightly soluble in methanol, very slightly soluble in ethanol and practically insoluble in water, isopropanol and octanol. Raloxifene hydrochloride, USP is supplied in a tablet dosage form for oral administration. Each Raloxifene Hydrochloride Tablet USP contains 60 mg of raloxifene hydrochloride, USP which is the molar equivalent of 55.71 mg of free base. Inactive ingredients include colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hypromellose, lactose anhydrous, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, poloxamer, polyethylene glycol 4000, talc, and titanium dioxide. Meets USP dissolution test 3. raloxifene hydrochloride USP chemical structure

Ranolazine extended-release tablets are available as film-coated, oblong shaped, extended-release tablets for oral administration. Ranolazine is a racemic mixture, chemically described as 1-piperazineacetamide, N -(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]-, (±)-. It has an empirical formula of C 24 H 33 N 3 O 4 , a molecular weight of 427.54 g/mol, and the following structural formula: Ranolazine is a white to off-white powder. Ranolazine is soluble in methanol; sparingly soluble in acetonitrile; slightly soluble in isopropyl alcohol and very slightly soluble in water. Ranolazine extended-release tablets contain 500 mg or 1000 mg of ranolazine and the following inactive ingredients: carmine, copolymer based ethyl acrylate and methacrylic acid, FD&C Yellow #6/sunset yellow FCF aluminum lake, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80, sodium hydroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, titanium dioxide and triacetin. Additional inactive ingredients for the 500 mg tablet include D&C Yellow #10 aluminum lake; additional inactive ingredients for the 1000 mg tablet include FD&C Red #40/allura red ac aluminum lake. structure

Riluzole, USP is a member of the benzothiazole class. The chemical designation for riluzole is 2-amino-6-(trifluoromethoxy)benzothiazole. Its molecular formula is C 8 H 5 F 3 N 2 OS, and its molecular weight is 234.2 g/mol. The chemical structure is: Riluzole USP is a white to slightly yellow powder or crystalline powder that is freely soluble in acetonitrile, in alcohol and in methylene chloride; slightly soluble in hexane, very slightly soluble in water. Each film-coated tablet for oral use contains 50 mg of riluzole, USP and the following inactive ingredients: anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol 400 and titanium dioxide. structure

Rizatriptan benzoate tablets USP contain rizatriptan benzoate, USP, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B/1D (5-HT 1B/1D ) receptor agonist. Rizatriptan benzoate, USP is described chemically as: N,N -dimethyl-5-(1 H -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1 H -indole-3-ethanamine monobenzoate and its structural formula is: Its molecular formula is C 15 H 19 N 5 •C 7 H 6 O 2 , representing a molecular weight of the free base of 391.47 g/mol. Rizatriptan benzoate, USP is a white to off-white powder that is soluble in methanol; sparingly soluble in water; slightly soluble in acetone and ethanol. Rizatriptan benzoate tablets USP are available for oral administration in strengths of 5 mg and 10 mg (corresponding to 7.265 mg or 14.53 mg of the benzoate salt, respectively). Each compressed tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, ferric oxide red, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and pregelatinized corn starch. chemical-structure

Rizatriptan benzoate orally disintegrating tablets, USP contain rizatriptan benzoate, USP a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B/1D (5-HT 1B/1D ) receptor agonist. Rizatriptan benzoate, USP is described chemically as: N,N -dimethyl-5-(1 H -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1 H -indole-3-ethanamine monobenzoate and its structural formula is: Its molecular formula is C 15 H 19 N 5 •C 7 H 6 O 2 , representing a molecular weight of the free base of 391.47 g/mol. Rizatriptan benzoate is a white to off-white powder that is soluble in methanol; sparingly soluble in water; slightly soluble in acetone and ethanol. Rizatriptan benzoate orally disintegrating tablets, USP are available for oral administration in strengths of 5 mg and 10 mg (corresponding to 7.265 mg or 14.53 mg of the benzoate salt, respectively). Each orally disintegrating tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: aspartame, colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose and peppermint flavor. Meet USP Dissolution Test 2. structure.jpg

Ropinirole Tablets, USP contain ropinirole, a non-ergoline dopamine agonist, as the hydrochloride salt. The chemical name of ropinirole hydrochloride, USP is 4-[2-(dipropylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one and the empirical formula is C 16 H 24 N 2 O•HCl. The molecular weight is 296.84 g/mol (260.38 as the free base). The structural formula is: Ropinirole hydrochloride, USP is a pale cream to yellow powder with a melting range of 243°C to 250°C and a solubility of 133 mg/mL in water. Each circular, beveled edged, biconvex film-coated tablet contains ropinirole hydrochloride, USP equivalent to ropinirole, 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, 4 mg, or 5 mg. Inactive ingredients consist of citric acid anhydrous powder, croscarmellose sodium, lactose anhydrous, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose. The ingredients of the film coating for each tablet are as follows: 0.25 mg: Hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide. 0.5 mg: FD&C Blue no. 2 aluminum lake, ferric oxide red, ferric oxide yellow, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide. 1 mg: FD&C Blue no. 2 aluminum lake, ferric oxide black, ferric oxide yellow, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide. 2 mg: Ferric oxide red, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide. 3 mg: Carmine, FD&C Blue no. 2 aluminum lake, FD&C Yellow no. 6 aluminum lake, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide. 4 mg: Ferric oxide black, ferric oxide red, ferric oxide yellow, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide. 5 mg: FD&C Blue no. 1 aluminum lake, FD&C Blue no. 2 aluminum lake, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide. The product meets USP Dissolution Test 2. structure

Ropivacaine Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a sterile, isotonic solution that contains ropivacaine hydrochloride as the active pharmaceutical ingredient. Ropivacaine hydrochloride is a member of the amino amide class of local anesthetics. Ropivacaine Hydrochloride Injection,USP is administered parenterally by for infiltration, epidural, and nerve block. Ropivacaine hydrochloride is chemically described as S-(-)-1-propyl-2',6'-pipecoloxylidide hydrochloride monohydrate. The drug substance is a white crystalline powder, with the following structural formula: C 17 H 26 N 2 O•HCl•H 2 O M.W.328.89 At 25 °C ropivacaine hydrochloride has a solubility of 53.8 mg/mL in water, a distribution ratio between n-octanol and phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 of 14:1 and a pKa of 8.07 in 0.1 M KCl solution. The pKa of ropivacaine is approximately the same as bupivacaine (8.1) and is similar to that of mepivacaine (7.7). However, ropivacaine has an intermediate degree of lipid solubility compared to bupivacaine and mepivacaine. Ropivacaine Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a clear, colorless, and preservative-free solution. Each mL contains 2.1 mg, 5.3 mg or 10.6 mg ropivacaine hydrochloride monohydrate (equivalent to 2.0 mg, 5.0 mg or 10 mg of ropivacaine hydrochloride anhydrous), and 8.6 mg, 8.0 mg or 7.1 mg of sodium chloride; respectively, and sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid as pH adjusters, in water for injection. The pH is adjusted between 4.0 to 6.0. The specific gravity of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride Injection, USP solutions range from 1.002 to 1.005 at 25°C. "Image Description"

Rufinamide, USP is a triazole derivative structurally unrelated to currently marketed antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Rufinamide, USP has the chemical name 1-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1 H- 1,2,3-triazole-4 carboxamide. It has an empirical formula of C 10 H 8 F 2 N 4 O and a molecular weight of 238.2 g/mol. The drug substance is a white to off-white crystalline powder. Rufinamide, USP is practically insoluble in water, slightly soluble in tetrahydrofuran and in methanol, and very slightly soluble in ethanol and in acetonitrile. Rufinamide Tablets, USP are available for oral administration as film-coated tablets, scored on both sides, containing either 200 mg or 400 mg of rufinamide, USP. Inactive ingredients are colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, croscarmellose sodium, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate, talc, iron oxide red, polyethylene glycol, and titanium dioxide. Structure

Saxagliptin is an orally-active inhibitor of the DPP-4 enzyme. Saxagliptin monohydrate is described chemically as (1 S ,3 S ,5 S )-2-[(2 S )-2-Amino-2-(3-hydroxytricyclo[3.3.1.1 3,7 ]dec-1-yl)acetyl]-2-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carbonitrile, monohydrate or (1 S ,3 S ,5 S )-2-[(2 S )-2-Amino-2-(3-hydroxyadamantan-1-yl)acetyl]-2-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carbonitrile hydrate. The empirical formula is C 18 H 25 N 3 O 2 •H 2 O and the molecular weight is 333.43. The structural formula is: Saxagliptin monohydrate is a white to off-white powder. It is soluble in methanol, ethanol; sparingly soluble in water. Each film-coated tablet of saxagliptin for oral use contains either 2.79 mg saxagliptin hydrochloride equivalent to 2.5 mg saxagliptin or 5.58 mg saxagliptin hydrochloride equivalent to 5 mg saxagliptin and the following inactive ingredients: croscarmellose sodium, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose. In addition, the film coating contains the following inactive ingredients: hypromellose, iron oxide yellow (2.5 mg tablet only), iron oxide red (5 mg tablet only), polyethylene glycol and titanium dioxide. The imprinting ink contains the following: ammonium hydroxide, n-butyl alcohol, FD&C blue #2, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol and shellac. saxagliptistructure

The active ingredient in Sevelamer Hydrochloride Tablets is sevelamer hydrochloride, a polymeric amine that binds phosphate and is meant for oral administration. Sevelamer hydrochloride is poly(allylamine hydrochloride) crosslinked with epichlorohydrin in which 40% of the amines are protonated. It is known chemically as poly(allylamine- co -N,N'-diallyl-1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane) hydrochloride. Sevelamer hydrochloride is hydrophilic, but insoluble in water. The structure is represented in Figure 1. Figure 1: Chemical Structure of Sevelamer Hydrochloride a, b = number of primary amine groups a + b = 9 c = number of crosslinking groups c = 1 n = fraction of protonated amines n = 0.4 m = large number to indicate extended polymer network The primary amine groups shown in the structure are derived directly from poly(allylamine hydrochloride). The crosslinking groups consist of two secondary amine groups derived from poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and one molecule of epichlorohydrin. Sevelamer Hydrochloride Tablets: Each film-coated tablet of sevelamer hydrochloride contains either 800 mg or 400 mg of sevelamer hydrochloride on an anhydrous basis. The inactive ingredients are colloidal silicon dioxide, diacetylated monoglycerides, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, maize starch, mannitol, talc and zinc stearate. The imprinting ink for sevelamer hydrochloride tablets has the following components: black iron oxide, butyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, ammonium hydroxide and shellac. chemical-structure

Sirolimus is an mTOR inhibitor immunosuppressive agent. Sirolimus is a macrocyclic lactone produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus . The chemical name of sirolimus (also known as rapamycin) is (3 S ,6 R ,7 E ,9 R ,10 R ,12 R ,14 S ,15 E ,17 E ,19 E ,21 S ,23 S ,26 R ,27 R ,34a S )-9,10,12,13,14,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,32,33,34,34a-hexadecahydro-9,27-dihydroxy-3-[(1 R )-2-[(1 S ,3 R ,4 R )-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl]-1-methylethyl]-10,21-dimethoxy-6,8,12,14,20,26-hexamethyl-23,27-epoxy-3 H -pyrido[2,1-c][1,4] oxaazacyclohentriacontine-1,5,11,28,29 (4 H ,6 H ,31 H )-pentone. Its molecular formula is C 51 H 79 NO 13 and its molecular weight is 914.2. The structural formula of sirolimus is illustrated as follows. Sirolimus is a white to off-white powder and is freely soluble in chloroform, acetone, and acetonitrile, insoluble in water. Sirolimus tablets are available as a grey to greenish grey colored film-coated, round shaped beveled edge standard convex tablet containing 0.5 mg sirolimus; as a white to off-white colored film-coated, round shaped beveled edge standard convex tablet containing 1 mg sirolimus; and as a yellow to orange yellow colored film-coated, round shaped beveled edge standard convex tablet containing 2 mg sirolimus. Sirolimus tablets, 2 mg contains FD&C yellow No. 6 as a color additive. The inactive ingredients in sirolimus tablets include: croscarmellose sodium, dl -alpha tocopherol, edetate disodium, glyceryl behenate, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, poloxamer 188, polyethylene glycol, sucrose and titanium dioxide. Additionally, the 0.5 mg dosage strength also contains: iron oxide black, iron oxide yellow and iron oxide red and the 2 mg dosage strength also contains: D&C yellow #10, FD&C yellow #6 and FD&C blue #2. structure

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Intravenous sodium bicarbonate therapy increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, raises blood pH and reverses the clinical manifestations of acidosis. Sodium bicarbonate in water dissociates to provide sodium (Na + ) and bicarbonate (HCO 3 - ) ions. Sodium (Na + ) is the principal cation of the extracellular fluid and plays a large part in the therapy of fluid and electrolyte disturbances. Bicarbonate (HCO 3 - ) is a normal constituent of body fluids and the normal plasma level ranges from 24 to 31 mEq/liter. Plasma concentration is regulated by the kidney through acidification of the urine when there is a deficit or by alkalinization of the urine when there is an excess. Bicarbonate anion is considered "labile" since at a proper concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) it may be converted to carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ) and thence to its volatile form, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) excreted by the lung. Normally a ratio of 1:20 (carbonic acid: bicarbonate) is present in the extracellular fluid. In a healthy adult with normal kidney function, practically all the glomerular filtered bicarbonate ion is reabsorbed; less than 1% is excreted in the urine.

Sodium Phenylbutyrate Tablets, USP for oral administration contain sodium phenylbutyrate, USP. Sodium phenylbutyrate is a white to yellowish-white powder which is freely soluble in water and has a strong salty taste. Sodium phenylbutyrate also is freely soluble in methanol, sparingly soluble in ethanol and practically insoluble in methylene chloride, acetone and diethyl ether. It is known chemically as 4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt with a molecular weight of 186.18 g/mol and the molecular formula C 10 H 11 O 2 Na. Chemical Structure: Each tablet of sodium phenylbutyrate tablets, USP contains 500 mg of sodium phenylbutyrate, USP and the inactive ingredients calcium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose. FDA approved dissolution specifications differs from the USP. structure

Solifenacin succinate tablets are a muscarinic receptor antagonist. Chemically, solifenacin succinate is a butanedioic acid compound with 1(S)-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carboxylic acid 3(R)-quinuclidinyl ester Monosuccinate having an empirical formula of C 23 H 26 N 2 O 2 •C 4 H 6 O 4 , and a molecular weight of 480.55 g/mol. The structural formula of solifenacin succinate is: Solifenacin succinate is a white to pale-yellowish-white crystal or crystalline powder. It is freely soluble or soluble in water, glacial acetic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide; soluble in methanol, very slightly soluble in acetone and ethanol. Each solifenacin succinate tablet contains 5 or 10 mg of solifenacin succinate and is formulated for oral administration. In addition to the active ingredient solifenacin succinate, the tablets also contain the following inactive ingredients: corn starch, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, talc, titanium dioxide and triacetin. The 5 mg tablets contain the colorants iron oxide yellow and FD&C yellow# 6. The 10 mg tablets contain the colorants iron oxide yellow and FD&C Red# 40. chemical-structure

Sucralfate oral suspension contains sucralfate and sucralfate is an α-D-glucopyranoside-β-D- fructofuranosyl,-octakis (hydrogen sulfate), aluminum complex. Sucralfate, USP is white or almost white, amorphous powder. Practically insoluble in water, in ethanol (96%) and in methylene chloride. It dissolves in dilute solutions of mineral acids and alkali hydroxides. Sucralfate oral suspension for oral administration contains 1 g of sucralfate per 10 mL. Sucralfate oral suspension also contains: colloidal silicon dioxide, FD&C Red #40, glycerin, methylparaben, methylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, purified water, simethicone emulsion, sorbitol solution and tutti frutti flavor. Additionally, tutti frutti flavor contains artificial flavors, benzyl alcohol, dl-alpha-tocopherol, maltodextrin and propylene glycol. Therapeutic category: antiulcer. structure

Tacrolimus, USP previously known as FK506, is the active ingredient in Tacrolimus Capsules, USP. Tacrolimus, USP is a calcineurin-inhibitor immunosuppressant produced by Streptomyces tsukubaensis . Chemically, tacrolimus, USP is designated as (-)-(3 S ,4 R ,5 S ,8 R ,9 E ,12 S ,14 S ,15 R ,16 S ,18 R ,19 R ,26a S )-8-Allyl-5,6,8,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,24,25,26,26a-hexadecahydro-5,19-dihydroxy-3-[( E )-2-[(1 R ,3 R ,4 R )-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cyclohexyl]-1-methylvinyl]-14,16-dimethoxy-4,10,12,18-tetramethyl-15,19-epoxy-3 H -pyrido[2,1-c][1,4]oxaazacyclotricosine-1,7,20,21(4 H ,23 H )-tetrone,monohydrate. The chemical structure of tacrolimus, USP is: Tacrolimus, USP has an empirical formula of C 44 H 69 NO 12 •H 2 O and a formula weight of 822.03 g/mol. Tacrolimus, USP appears as white to off-white powder. It is soluble in acetone, chloroform and ethyl acetate; insoluble in water. Tacrolimus Capsules, USP are available for oral administration as capsules containing the equivalent of 0.5 mg, 1 mg or 5 mg of anhydrous tacrolimus, USP. Inactive ingredients include croscarmellose sodium, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, and magnesium stearate. The 0.5 mg capsule shell contains D&C Yellow 10, FD&C Red 40, FD&C Blue 1, gelatin, shellac, sodium hydroxide, povidone and titanium dioxide. The 1 mg capsule shell contains FD&C Red 40, gelatin, shellac, sodium hydroxide, povidone and titanium dioxide. The 5 mg capsule shell contains gelatin, D&C Yellow 10, FD&C Blue 1, FD&C Red 40, potassium hydroxide, shellac and titanium dioxide. FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP. image-01.jpg

Tacrolimus Ointment contains tacrolimus, USP a macrolide immunosuppressant produced by Streptomyces tsukubaensis . It is for topical dermatologic use only. Chemically, tacrolimus, USP is designated as (-)-(3 S ,4 R ,5 S ,8 R ,9 E ,12 S ,14 S ,15 R ,16 S ,18 R ,19 R ,26a S )-8-Allyl-5,6,8,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,24,25, 26,26a-hexadecahydro-5,19-dihydroxy-3-[( E )-2-[(1 R ,3 R ,4 R )-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl]-1-methylvinyl]-14,16-dimethoxy-4,10,12,18-tetramethyl-15,19-epoxy-3 H -pyrido[2,1-c][1,4] oxaazacyclotricosine-1,7,20,21(4 H ,23 H )-tetrone,monohydrate. It has the following structural formula: Tacrolimus, USP has a molecular formula of C 44 H 69 NO 12 •H 2 O and a formula weight of 822.03. Each gram of tacrolimus ointment contains either 0.03% or 0.1% w/w of tacrolimus, USP in a base of mineral oil, paraffin, propylene carbonate, white petrolatum and white wax. structure.jpg

Telmisartan Tablets, USP are a non-peptide angiotensin II receptor (type AT 1 ) antagonist. Telmisartan, USP is chemically described as 4’-[[4-methyl-6-(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-propyl-1H-benzimidazol-1- yl] methyl]biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. Its empirical formula is C 33 H 30 N 4 O 2 , its molecular weight is 514.6 and its structural formula is: Telmisartan, USP is a white to slightly yellowish crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol, sparingly soluble in methylene chloride. It dissolves in 1M sodium hydroxide. Telmisartan is available as tablets for oral administration, containing 20 mg, 40 mg or 80 mg of telmisartan, USP. The tablets contain the following inactive ingredients: crospovidone, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, meglumine, povidone and sodium hydroxide pellets. Telmisartan Tablets, USP are hygroscopic and require protection from moisture. FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP. Structure

Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets, USP are a combination of telmisartan, USP an orally active angiotensin II antagonist acting on the AT 1 receptor subtype, and hydrochlorothiazide, USP a thiazide diuretic. Telmisartan, USP a non-peptide molecule, is chemically described as 4’-[[4-methyl- 6-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazolyl)-2-propyl-1-benzimidazolyl] methyl]-2-biphenylcarboxylic acid. Its empirical formula is C 33 H 30 N 4 O 2 , its molecular weight is 514.62, and its structural formula is: Telmisartan, USP is a white or slightly yellowish crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol, sparingly soluble in methylene chloride and it dissolves in 1M sodium hydroxide. Hydrochlorothiazide, USP is a white or practically white, practically odorless, crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 297.74. It is very slightly soluble in water, and freely soluble in sodium hydroxide solution, in n -butylamine and in dimethylformamide, sparingly soluble in methanol; insoluble in ether, in chloroform and dilute mineral acids. Hydrochlorothiazide, USP is chemically described as 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2 H -1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide. Its empirical formula is C 7 H 8 ClN 3 O 4 S 2 , and its structural formula is: Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets, USP are formulated for oral administration in three combinations of 40 mg/12.5 mg, 80 mg/12.5 mg, and 80 mg/25 mg telmisartan, USP and hydrochlorothiazide, USP respectively. The tablets contain the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, mannitol, meglumine, povidone K-25, sodium hydroxide, sodium stearyl fumarate and talc. As coloring agents, the 40 mg/12.5 mg, 80 mg/12.5 mg, and 80 mg/25 mg tablets contain ferric oxide red, the 80 mg/25 mg tablets also contain ferric oxide yellow. Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets, USP are hygroscopic and require protection from moisture. FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP. structure1 structure2

Teriflunomide is an oral de novo pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor of the DHO-DH enzyme, with the chemical name (Z)-2-Cyano-3-hydroxy-but-2-enoic acid-(4‑trifluoromethylphenyl)-amide. Its molecular weight is 270.21 and the molecular formula is C 12 H 9 F 3 N 2 O 2 with the following chemical structure: Teriflunomide is a white to almost white powder that is sparingly soluble in acetone, slightly soluble in methylene chloride, very slightly soluble in acetonitrile, insoluble in water, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol. Teriflunomide is formulated as film-coated tablets for oral administration. Teriflunomide tablets contain 7 mg or 14 mg of teriflunomide and the following inactive ingredients: corn starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, hydroxypropyl cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium starch glycolate. The film coating for the 14 mg tablet is made of hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, talc, titanium dioxide. In addition to these, the 7 mg tablet film coating contains iron oxide yellow. structure.jpg

Theophylline (anhydrous) Extended-Release Tablets in a controlled-release system allows a 24-hour dosing interval for appropriate patients. Theophylline is structurally classified as a methylxanthine. It occurs as a white, odorless, crystalline powder with a bitter taste. Anhydrous theophylline has the chemical name 1 H -purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-, and is represented by the following structural formula: The molecular formula of anhydrous theophylline is C 7 H 8 N 4 O 2 with a molecular weight of 180.17 g/mol. Each extended-release tablet for oral administration contains 400 or 600 mg of anhydrous theophylline. Inactive Ingredients: cetostearyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, povidone and talc. structure-theophylline

Theophylline is structurally classified as a methylxanthine. It occurs as a white, practically odorless, crystalline powder. Theophylline Anhydrous, USP has the chemical name 1,3-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1 H -purine-2,6-dione, and is represented by the following structural formula: C 7 H 8 N 4 O 2 M.W. 180.17 g/mol. This product allows a 12-hour dosing interval for a majority of patients and a 24-hour dosing interval for selected patients (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION section for description of appropriate patient populations). Each extended-release tablet for oral administration contains either 300 mg or 450 mg of theophylline anhydrous, USP. Tablets also contain as inactive ingredients: anhydrous lactose, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate and povidone. chemical-structure

Topiramate, USP is a sulfamate-substituted monosaccharide. Topiramate Extended-Release Capsules are available as 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg capsules for oral administration as whole capsules or opened and sprinkled onto a spoonful of soft food. Topiramate, USP is a white to off-white powder. Topiramate, USP is freely soluble in dichloromethane. Topiramate, USP has the molecular formula C 12 H 21 NO 8 S and a molecular weight of 339.36 g/mol. Topiramate, USP is designated chemically as 2,3:4,5-Di-O-isopropylidene-β-D-fructopyranose sulfamate and has the following structural formula: Topiramate Extended-Release Capsules contain pellets of topiramate, USP in a capsule. The inactive ingredients are D&C red No.30, ethylcellulose, FD&C red No.40, hypromellose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol and talc. The capsule shell for Topiramate Extended-Release Capsules, 25 mg contains black iron oxide, hypromellose, red iron oxide and titanium dioxide. The capsule shell for Topiramate Extended-Release Capsules, 50 mg contains black iron oxide, hypromellose, red iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and yellow iron oxide. The capsule shell for Topiramate Extended-Release Capsules, 100 mg contains black iron oxide, hypromellose, red iron oxide and titanium dioxide. The capsule shell for Topiramate Extended-Release Capsules, 150 mg contains black iron oxide, hypromellose, and titanium dioxide. The capsule shell for Topiramate Extended-Release Capsules, 200 mg contains black iron oxide, hypromellose, red iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and yellow iron oxide. The imprinting ink has the following components: black iron oxide, potassium hydroxide, propylene glycol, shellac and strong ammonia solution. structure

Topiramate, USP is a sulfamate-substituted monosaccharide. Topiramate capsules, USP are available as 15 mg and 25 mg sprinkle capsules for oral administration as whole capsules or opened and sprinkled onto soft food. Topiramate, USP is a white to off-white powder. Topiramate, USP is freely soluble in dichloromethane. Topiramate, USP has the molecular formula C 12 H 21 NO 8 S and a molecular weight of 339.36. Topiramate, USP is designated chemically as 2,3:4,5-Di- O -isopropylidene-β-D-fructopyranose sulfamate and has the following structural formula: Topiramate capsules, USP intended for oral administration contains 15 mg or 25 mg of topiramate, USP. The inactive ingredients are cellulose acetate, gelatin, povidone, sodium lauryl sulfate, sugar spheres, talc and titanium dioxide. The imprinting ink has the following components: black iron oxide, potassium hydroxide, propylene glycol, shellac. FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP. structure