EPTIFIBATIDE

Eptifibatide is a cyclic heptapeptide containing 6 amino acids and 1 mercaptopropionyl (des-amino cysteinyl) residue. An interchain disulfide bridge is formed between the cysteine amide and the mercaptopropionyl moieties. Chemically it is N 6 -(aminoiminomethyl)-N 2 -(3-mercapto-1-oxopropyl)-L-lysylglycyl-L-α-aspartyl-L-tryptophyl-L-prolyl-L-cysteinamide, cyclic (1→6)-disulfide. Eptifibatide binds to the platelet receptor glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa of human platelets and inhibits platelet aggregation. The eptifibatide peptide is produced by solid-phase peptide synthesis, and is purified by preparative reverse-phase liquid chromatography and lyophilized. The structural formula is: Eptifibatide Injection is a clear, colorless, sterile, non-pyrogenic solution for intravenous (IV) use with an empirical formula of C 35 H 49 N 11 O 9 S 2 and a molecular weight of 831.96. Each 10-mL vial contains 2 mg/mL of eptifibatide and each 100-mL vial contains 0.75 mg/mL of eptifibatide. Each vial of either size also contains 5.25 mg/mL citric acid and sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 5.35. image description

Eptifibatide injection is a platelet aggregation inhibitor indicated for: Treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) managed medically or with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) ( 1.1 ) Treatment of patients undergoing PCI (including intracoronary stenting) ( 1.2 ) 1.1 Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Eptifibatide injection is indicated to decrease the rate of a combined endpoint of death or new myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with ACS (unstable angina [UA]/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction [NSTEMI]), including patients who are to be managed medically and those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). 1.2 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Eptifibatide injection is indicated to decrease the rate of a combined endpoint of death, new MI, or need for urgent intervention in patients undergoing PCI, including those undergoing intracoronary stenting [see Clinical Studies (14.1 , 14.2) ] .

Before infusion of eptifibatide injection, the following laboratory tests should be performed to identify pre-existing hemostatic abnormalities: hematocrit or hemoglobin, platelet count, serum creatinine, and PT/aPTT. In patients undergoing PCI, the activated clotting time (ACT) should also be measured. The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) should be maintained between 50 and 70 seconds unless PCI is to be performed. In patients treated with heparin, bleeding can be minimized by close monitoring of the aPTT and ACT. ACS or PCI: 180 mcg/kg IV bolus as soon as possible after diagnosis followed by infusion at 2 mcg/kg/min. ( 2.1 , 2.2 ) PCI: Add a second 180 mcg/kg bolus at 10 minutes. ( 2.2 ) In patients with creatinine clearance less than 50 mL/min, reduce the infusion to 1 mcg/kg/min. ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.3 ) 2.1 Dosage in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Indication Normal Renal Function Creatinine Clearance less than 50 mL/min Patients with ACS 180 mcg/kg intravenous (IV) bolus as soon as possible after diagnosis, followed by continuous infusion of 2 mcg/kg/min 180 mcg/kg IV bolus as soon as possible after diagnosis, followed by continuous infusion of 1 mcg/kg/min Infusion should continue until hospital discharge or initiation of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), up to 72 hours If a patient is to undergo PCI, the infusion should be continued until hospital discharge or for up to 18 to 24 hours after the procedure, whichever comes first, allowing for up to 96 hours of therapy Aspirin, 160 to 325 mg, should be given daily. Eptifibatide injection should be given concomitantly with heparin dosed to achieve the following parameters: During Medical Management : Target aPTT 50 to 70 seconds If weight greater than or equal to 70 kg, 5000-unit bolus followed by infusion of 1000 units/h. If weight less than 70 kg, 60-units/kg bolus followed by infusion of 12 units/kg/h. During PCI : Target ACT 200 to 300 seconds If heparin is initiated prior to PCI, additional boluses during PCI to maintain an ACT target of 200 to 300 seconds. Heparin infusion after the PCI is discouraged. 2.2 Dosage in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Indication Normal Renal Function Creatinine Clearance less than 50 mL/min Patients with PCI 180 mcg/kg IV bolus immediately before PCI followed by continuous infusion of 2 mcg/kg/min and a second bolus of 180 mcg/kg (given 10 minutes after the first bolus) 180 mcg/kg IV bolus immediately before PCI followed by continuous infusion of 1 mcg/kg/min and a second bolus of 180 mcg/kg (given 10 minutes after the first bolus) Infusion should be continued until hospital discharge, or for up to 18 to 24 hours, whichever comes first. A minimum of 12 hours of infusion is recommended. In patients who undergo CABG surgery, eptifibatide injection infusion should be discontinued prior to surgery. Aspirin, 160 to 325 mg, should be given 1 to 24 hours prior to PCI and daily thereafter. Eptifibatide injection should be given concomitantly with heparin to achieve a target ACT of 200 to 300 seconds. Administer 60-units/kg bolus initially in patients not treated with heparin within 6 hours prior to PCI. Additional boluses during PCI to maintain ACT within target. Heparin infusion after the PCI is strongly discouraged. Patients requiring thrombolytic therapy should discontinue eptifibatide injection. 2.3 Important Administration Instructions Inspect eptifibatide injection for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. May administer eptifibatide injection in the same intravenous line as alteplase, atropine, dobutamine, heparin, lidocaine, meperidine, metoprolol, midazolam, morphine, nitroglycerin, or verapamil. Do not administer eptifibatide injection through the same intravenous line as furosemide. May administer eptifibatide injection in the same IV line with 0.9% NaCl or 0.9% NaCl/5% dextrose. With either vehicle, the infusion may also contain up to 60 mEq/L of potassium chloride. Withdraw the bolus dose(s) of eptifibatide injection from the 10-mL vial into a syringe. Administer the bolus dose(s) by IV push. Immediately following the bolus dose administration, initiate a continuous infusion of eptifibatide injection. When using an intravenous infusion pump, administer eptifibatide injection undiluted directly from the 100-mL vial. Spike the 100-mL vial with a vented infusion set. Center the spike within the circle on the stopper top. Discard any unused portion left in the vial. Administer eptifibatide injection by volume according to patient weight (see Table 1 ). Table 1: Eptifiatide Injection Dosing Charts by Weight Patient Weight 180-mcg/kg Bolus Volume 2-mcg/kg/min Infusion Volume (CrCl greater than or equal to 50 mL/min) 1-mcg/kg/min Infusion Volume (CrCl less than 50 mL/min) (kg) (lb) (from 2-mg/mL vial) (from 2-mg/mL 100-mL vial) (from 0.75-mg/mL 100-mL vial) (from 2-mg/mL 100-mL vial) (from 0.75-mg/mL 100-mL vial) 37-41 81-91 3.4 mL 2 mL/h 6 mL/h 1 mL/h 3 mL/h 42-46 92-102 4 mL 2.5 mL/h 7 mL/h 1.3 mL/h 3.5 mL/h 47-53 103-117 4.5 mL 3 mL/h 8 mL/h 1.5 mL/h 4 mL/h 54-59 118-130 5 mL 3.5 mL/h 9 mL/h 1.8 mL/h 4.5 mL/h 60-65 131-143 5.6 mL 3.8 mL/h 10 mL/h 1.9 mL/h 5 mL/h 66-71 144-157 6.2 mL 4 mL/h 11 mL/h 2 mL/h 5.5 mL/h 72-78 158-172 6.8 mL 4.5 mL/h 12 mL/h 2.3 mL/h 6 mL/h 79-84 173-185 7.3 mL 5 mL/h 13 mL/h 2.5 mL/h 6.5 mL/h 85-90 186-198 7.9 mL 5.3 mL/h 14 mL/h 2.7 mL/h 7 mL/h 91-96 199-212 8.5 mL 5.6 mL/h 15 mL/h 2.8 mL/h 7.5 mL/h 97-103 213-227 9 mL 6 mL/h 16 mL/h 3.0 mL/h 8 mL/h 104-109 228-240 9.5 mL 6.4 mL/h 17 mL/h 3.2 mL/h 8.5 mL/h 110-115 241-253 10.2 mL 6.8 mL/h 18 mL/h 3.4 mL/h 9 mL/h 116-121 254-267 10.7 mL 7 mL/h 19 mL/h 3.5 mL/h 9.5 mL/h >121 >267 11.3 mL 7.5 mL/h 20 mL/h 3.7 mL/h 10 mL/h

Treatment with eptifibatide is contraindicated in patients with: A history of bleeding diathesis, or evidence of active abnormal bleeding within the previous 30 days Severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure >200 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure >110 mm Hg) not adequately controlled on antihypertensive therapy Major surgery within the preceding 6 weeks History of stroke within 30 days or any history of hemorrhagic stroke Current or planned administration of another parenteral GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor Dependency on renal dialysis Hypersensitivity to eptifibatide or any component of the product (hypersensitivity reactions that occurred included anaphylaxis and urticaria) Bleeding diathesis or bleeding within the previous 30 days ( 4 ) Severe uncontrolled hypertension ( 4 ) Major surgery within the preceding 6 weeks ( 4 ) Stroke within 30 days or any history of hemorrhagic stroke ( 4 ) Coadministration of another parenteral GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor ( 4 ) Dependency on renal dialysis ( 4 ) Known hypersensitivity to any component of the product ( 4 )

Coadministration of antiplatelet agents, thrombolytics, heparin, aspirin, and chronic NSAID use increases the risk of bleeding. Avoid concomitant use with other glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors. ( 7.1 ) 7.1 Use of Thrombolytics, Anticoagulants, and Other Antiplatelet Agents Coadministration of antiplatelet agents, thrombolytics, heparin, aspirin, and chronic NSAID use increases the risk of bleeding. Concomitant treatment with other inhibitors of platelet receptor GP IIb/IIIa should be avoided.

16.2 Storage Vials should be stored refrigerated at 2-8°C (36-46°F). Vials may be transferred to room temperature storage * for a period not to exceed 2 months. Upon transfer, vial cartons must be marked by the dispensing pharmacist with a "DISCARD BY" date (2 months from the transfer date or the labeled expiration date, whichever comes first). Retain in carton to protect from light until administration. * Store at 25 o C (77 o F); excursions permitted to 15-30 o C (59- o F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].