TESTOSTERONE

Testosterone gel, for topical use is a clear to translucent hydroalcoholic topical gel containing testosterone, an androgen. Testosterone gel provides continuous transdermal delivery of testosterone for 24 hours, following a single application to intact, clean, dry skin of the shoulders and/or upper arms. Testosterone gel is available in unit-dose tubes, unit-dose packets, and a metered-dose pump. One 5-g or two 5-g tubes/packets of testosterone gel contains 50 mg or 100 mg of testosterone, respectively. One pump actuation dispenses 1.25 g of gel, which contains 12.5 mg of testosterone. Four pump actuations or eight pump actuations contain 50 mg or 100 mg of testosterone, respectively. Each metered-dose pump container is capable of dispensing 60 pump actuations. The active pharmacological ingredient in testosterone gel is testosterone. Testosterone USP is a white to practically white crystalline powder chemically described as 17-β hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one. The structural formula is shown in the following figure: Inactive ingredients in testosterone gel are carbomer copolymer Type B, carbomer homopolymer Type C, diisopropyl adipate, ethyl alcohol, glycerin, methyl laurate, oleyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, purified water, and tromethamine. Chemical Structure

Testosterone gel is indicated for replacement therapy in adult males for conditions associated with a deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone: Primary hypogonadism (congenital or acquired): testicular failure due to cryptorchidism, bilateral torsion, orchitis, vanishing testis syndrome, orchiectomy, Klinefelter's syndrome, chemotherapy, or toxic damage from alcohol or heavy metals. These men usually have low serum testosterone levels and gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH]) above the normal range. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (congenital or acquired): gonadotropin or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) deficiency or pituitary-hypothalamic injury from tumors, trauma, or radiation. These men have low testosterone serum levels but have gonadotropins in the normal or low range. Limitations of Use: Safety and efficacy of testosterone gel in men with "age-related hypogonadism" (also referred to as "late-onset hypogonadism") have not been established. Safety and efficacy of testosterone gel in males less than 18 years old have not been established [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ] . Topical testosterone products may have different doses, strengths, or application instructions that may result in different systemic exposure [see Dosage and Administration (2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Testosterone gel is an androgen indicated for testosterone replacement therapy in males for conditions associated with a deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone: Primary hypogonadism (congenital or acquired). ( 1 ) Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (congenital or acquired). ( 1 ) Limitations of Use: Safety and efficacy of testosterone gel in men with age-related hypogonadism have not been established ( 1 ) Safety and efficacy of testosterone gel in males less than 18 years old have not been established ( 8.4 ) Topical testosterone products may have different doses, strengths, or application instructions that may result in different systemic exposure ( 1 , 12.3 )

Prior to initiating testosterone gel, confirm the diagnosis of hypogonadism by ensuring that serum testosterone concentrations have been measured in the morning on at least two separate days and that these serum testosterone concentrations are below the normal range. Prior to initiating testosterone gel, confirm the diagnosis of hypogonadism by ensuring that serum testosterone has been measured in the morning on at least two separate days and that these concentrations are below the normal range ( 2 ). Recommended starting dose for adult males: 50 mg of testosterone (one tube or one packet or 4 pump actuations) applied topically once daily at approximately the same time each day. ( 2.1 ) Apply to clean, dry, intact skin of the shoulders and/or upper arms. Do not apply testosterone gel to the genitals or abdomen. ( 2.1 , 2.2 ) If morning pre-dose serum testosterone concentration is below the normal range, increase dose to 100 mg. ( 2.1 ) Pre-dose serum testosterone concentration should be assessed periodically. ( 2.1 ) Patients should wash hands with soap and water immediately after applying testosterone gel and cover application site(s) with clothing after gel has dried. Wash the application sites thoroughly with soap and water prior to any situation where skin-to-skin contact of the application site with another person is anticipated. ( 2.2 ) 2.1 Dosing and Dose Adjustment The recommended starting dose of testosterone gel is 50 mg of testosterone (one tube, one packet, or 4 pump actuations) applied topically once daily at approximately the same time each day to clean, dry intact skin of the shoulders and/or upper arms. Dose Adjustment To ensure proper dosing, serum testosterone concentrations should be measured. Morning, pre-dose serum testosterone concentrations should be measured approximately 14 days after initiation of therapy to ensure proper serum testosterone concentrations are achieved. If the serum testosterone concentration is below the normal range (300 ng/dL to 1,000 ng/dL), the daily testosterone gel dose may be increased from 50 mg testosterone (one tube, one packet, or 4 pump actuations) to 100 mg of testosterone (two tubes, two packets, or 8 pump actuations) once daily. The maximum recommended dose of testosterone gel is 100 mg once daily. 2.2 Administration Instructions Unit-Dose Tube or Packet Upon opening the tube or packet the entire contents should be squeezed into the palm of the hand and immediately applied to the shoulders and/or upper arms (area of application should be limited to the area that will be covered by the patient's short sleeve t-shirt [ see figure below ]). Table 1 has specific dosing guidelines for when the unit-dose tubes or packets are used. Table 1: Specific Dosing Guideline for Using the Unit-Dose Tubes or Packets Prescribed Daily Dose Number of Unit-Dose Tubes or Packets Application Method 50 mg testosterone One unit-dose tube or packet (once daily) Apply one unit-dose tube or packet to one upper arm and shoulder. 100 mg testosterone Two unit-dose tubes or packets (once daily) Apply one unit-dose tube or packet to one upper arm and shoulder and then apply one unit-dose tube or packet to the opposite upper arm and shoulder. Multi-Dose Metered Pump Patients should be instructed to prime the pump before using it for the first time by fully depressing the pump mechanism (actuation) 3 times and discard this portion of the product to assure precise dose delivery. After the priming procedure, patients should completely depress the pump one time (actuation) for every 12.5 mg of testosterone required to achieve the daily prescribed dosage. Table 2 has specific dosing guidelines for when the metered pump is used. Table 2: Specific Dosing Guidelines for Using the Multi-Dose Pump Prescribed Daily Dose Number of Pump Actuations Application Method 50 mg testosterone 4 (once daily) Apply 4 pump actuations to one upper arm and shoulder 100 mg testosterone 8 (once daily) Apply 4 pump actuations to one upper arm and shoulder and then apply 4 pump actuations to the opposite upper arm and shoulder The prescribed amount of product should be delivered directly into the palm of the hand and immediately applied to the shoulders and/or upper arms (area of application should be limited to the area that will be covered by the patient's short sleeve t-shirt [ see figure below ]). Do not apply testosterone gel to the genitals or to the abdomen. Application sites should be allowed to dry completely prior to dressing. Hands should be washed thoroughly with soap and water after testosterone gel has been applied. Avoid fire, flame or smoking during the application of testosterone gel until the gel has dried [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2 , 5.16) ] . In order to prevent transfer to another person, clothing should be worn to cover the application site(s). If direct skin-to-skin contact of the application site(s) with another person is anticipated, the application site(s) must be washed thoroughly with soap and water [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . The patient should avoid swimming or showering or washing the administration site for a minimum of 2 hours after application [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Strict adherence to the following precautions is advised in order to minimize the potential for secondary exposure to testosterone from testosterone gel treated skin: Children and women should avoid contact with unwashed or unclothed application site(s) of men using testosterone gel. Testosterone gel should only be applied to the upper arms and shoulders. The area of application should be limited to the area that will be covered by a short sleeve t-shirt. Patients should wash their hands with soap and water immediately after applying testosterone gel. Patients should cover the application site(s) with clothing (e.g., a t-shirt) after the gel has dried. Prior to any situation in which direct skin-to-skin contact of the application site(s) with another person is anticipated, patients should wash the application site(s) thoroughly with soap and water to remove any testosterone residue. In the event that unwashed or unclothed skin to which testosterone gel has been applied comes in direct contact with the skin of another person, the general area of contact on the other person should be washed with soap and water as soon as possible. Figure

Testosterone gel is contraindicated in men with carcinoma of the breast or known or suspected carcinoma of the prostate [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Testosterone gel is contraindicated in women who are pregnant. Testosterone gel can cause virilization of the female fetus when administered to a pregnant woman. Pregnant women need to be aware of the potential for skin transfer of testosterone from men treated with testosterone gel. If a pregnant woman is exposed to testosterone gel, she should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ]. Men with known carcinoma of the breast or known or suspected carcinoma of the prostate. ( 4 , 5.1 ) Women who are pregnant. Testosterone may cause fetal harm. ( 4 , 8.1 )

Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 2% of the testosterone gel patients and greater than placebo) are application site reactions and increased hematocrit. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact UPSHER-SMITH LABORATORIES, LLC at 1-855-899-9180 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trial Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. In a controlled clinical study, 304 patients were treated with testosterone gel 50 mg or 100 mg or placebo gel for up to 90 days. Two hundred-five (205) patients received testosterone gel 50 mg or 100 mg daily and 99 patients received placebo. Subjects could be counted in both testosterone gel treatment groups if they received both 50 mg and 100 mg at different points in the study and experienced an adverse reaction at both dose levels. Adverse reactions reported by ≥1% of the testosterone gel patients and greater than placebo are listed in Table 3. Table 3: Incidence of Adverse Reactions (Reported by ≥1% of the Testosterone Gel Patients and Greater than Placebo) in the Controlled Clinical Trial Through 90 Days Event Testosterone Gel 50 mg (n=103) Testosterone Gel 100 mg (n=149) Placebo (n=99) Application Site Reactions 2% 4% 3% Blood Pressure Increased 1% 1% 0% Gynecomastia 1% 0% 0% Headache 1% 1% 0% Hematocrit/Hemoglobin Increased 1% 2% 0% Hot Flushes 1% 0% 0% Insomnia 1% 0% 0% Mood Swings 1% 0% 0% Smell Disorder 1% 0% 0% Spontaneous Penile Erection 1% 0% 0% Taste Disorder 1% 1% 0% The following adverse reactions occurred in fewer than 1% of patients but were greater in testosterone gel groups compared to the placebo group: activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged, blood creatinine increased, prothrombin time prolonged, appetite increased, sensitive nipples, and acne. In this clinical trial of testosterone gel, six patients had adverse events that led to their discontinuation. These events included: depression with suicidal ideation, urinary tract infection, mood swings and hypertension. No testosterone gel patients discontinued due to skin reaction. In one foreign Phase 3 trial, one subject discontinued due to a skin-related adverse event. In the pivotal U.S. and European Phase 3 trials combined, at the 50 mg dosage strength, the percentage of subjects reporting clinically notable increases in hematocrit or hemoglobin were similar to placebo. However, in the 100 mg dose group, 2.3% and 2.8% of patients had a clinically notable increase in hemoglobin (≥ 19 g/dL) or hematocrit (≥ 58%), respectively, compared to 1.0% and 1.5% of patients in the placebo group, respectively. In the combined U.S. and European open label extension studies, approximately 140 patients received testosterone gel for at least 6 months. The results from these studies are consistent with those reported for the U.S. controlled clinical trial. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of testosterone gel products. Because the reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Secondary Exposure to Testosterone in Children Cases of secondary exposure to testosterone resulting in virilization of children have been reported in postmarketing surveillance of testosterone gel products. Signs and symptoms of these reported cases have included enlargement of the clitoris (with surgical intervention) or of the penis, development of pubic hair, increased erections and libido, aggressive behavior, and advanced bone age. In most cases with a reported outcome, these signs and symptoms were reported to have regressed with removal of the testosterone gel exposure. In a few cases, however, enlarged genitalia did not fully return to age-appropriate normal size, and bone age remained modestly greater than chronological age. In some of the cases, direct contact with the sites of application on the skin of men using testosterone gel was reported. In at least one reported case, the reporter considered the possibility of secondary exposure from items such as the testosterone gel user's shirts and/or other fabrics, such as towels and sheets [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Cardiovascular Disorders: Myocardial infarction, stroke [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Vascular Disorders: Venous thromboembolism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ].

Androgens may decrease blood glucose and therefore may decrease insulin requirements in diabetic patients. ( 7.1 ) Changes in anticoagulant activity may be seen with androgens. More frequent monitoring of International Normalized Ratio (INR) and prothrombin time is recommended in patients taking warfarin. ( 7.2 ) Use of testosterone with corticosteroids may result in increased fluid retention. Use with caution, particularly in patients with cardiac, renal or hepatic disease. ( 7.3 ) 7.1 Insulin Changes in insulin sensitivity or glycemic control may occur in patients treated with androgens. In diabetic patients, the metabolic effects of androgens may decrease blood glucose and, therefore, may necessitate a decrease in the dose of anti-diabetic medication. 7.2 Oral Anticoagulants Changes in anticoagulant activity may be seen with androgens, therefore more frequent monitoring of international normalized ratio (INR) and prothrombin time are recommended in patients taking warfarin, especially at the initiation and termination of androgen therapy. 7.3 Corticosteroids The concurrent use of testosterone with corticosteroids may result in increased fluid retention and requires careful monitoring particularly in patients with cardiac, renal or hepatic disease.

16.2 Storage Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]