CYCLOBENZAPRINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules USP are skeletal muscle relaxant which relieves muscle spasm of local origin without interfering with muscle function. The active ingredient in cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules is cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride, USP. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (HCl) is a white, crystalline tricyclic amine salt with the empirical formula C 20 H 21 N·HCl and a molecular weight of 311.9. It has a melting point of 217°C, and a pK a of 8.47 at 25°C. It is freely soluble in water and alcohol, sparingly soluble in isopropanol, and insoluble in hydrocarbon solvents. If aqueous solutions are made alkaline, the free base separates. Cyclobenzaprine HCl is designated chemically as 3-( 5H -dibenzo[ a,d ] cyclohepten-5-ylidene)- N,N -dimethyl-1-propanamine hydrochloride, and has the following structural formula: Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules for oral administration are supplied in 15 and 30 mg strengths. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules contain the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, ethyl alcohol, ethylcellulose, FDC yellow #6, gelatin, hydroxypropyl cellulose, isopropyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide, sugar spheres (which contain sucrose and corn starch) and titanium dioxide. In addition, red iron oxide is also included in the 15 mg strength. The capsule is imprinted with black ink consisting of: black iron oxide, DC Yellow #10, ethanol, FDC Blue #1, FDC Blue #2, FDC Red #40, methanol, N-butyl alcohol, propylene glycol, and shellac. Structural Formula

Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules are indicated as an adjunct to rest and physical therapy for relief of muscle spasm associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions. Improvement is manifested by relief of muscle spasm and its associated signs and symptoms, namely, pain, tenderness, and limitation of motion. Limitations of Use: Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules should be used only for short periods (up to two or three weeks) because adequate evidence of effectiveness for more prolonged use is not available and because muscle spasm associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions is generally of short duration and specific therapy for longer periods is seldom warranted. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules have not been found effective in the treatment of spasticity associated with cerebral or spinal cord disease or in children with cerebral palsy. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules are muscle relaxant indicated as an adjunct to rest and physical therapy for relief of muscle spasm associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions. Improvement is manifested by relief of muscle spasm and its associated signs and symptoms, namely, pain, tenderness, and limitation of motion. ( 1 ) Limitations of Use: Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules should be used only for short periods (up to 2 or 3 weeks) because adequate evidence of effectiveness for more prolonged use is not available and because muscle spasm associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions is generally of short duration and specific therapy for longer periods is seldom warranted. ( 1 ) Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules have not been found effective in the treatment of spasticity associated with cerebral or spinal cord disease or in children with cerebral palsy. (1)

The recommended adult dose for most patients is one (1) cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsule, 15 mg taken once daily. Some patients may require up to 30 mg/day, given as one (1) cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsule, 30 mg taken once daily or as two (2) cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules, 15 mg taken once daily. It is recommended that doses be taken at approximately the same time each day. Use of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules for periods longer than two or three weeks is not recommended [ see Indications and Usage (1) ]. Instruct patients to swallow cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules intact. Alternatively, the contents of the cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules may be sprinkled over applesauce and then swallowed. This method is appropriate only for patients able to reliably swallow the applesauce without chewing. Other foods have not been tested and should not be substituted for applesauce. Instruct the patient to: Sprinkle the contents of the capsule onto a tablespoon of applesauce and consume immediately without chewing. Rinse the mouth to ensure all of the contents have been swallowed. Discard any unused portion of the cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules after the contents have been sprinkled on applesauce. Recommended adult dose for most patients is 15 mg taken once daily. Some patients may require 30 mg taken once daily (2) Recommended to take doses at approximately same time each day (2) Instruct patients to swallow cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules intact or to sprinkle capsule contents on a tablespoon of applesauce and swallow immediately without chewing ( 2 ) Use for periods longer than 2 or 3 weeks is not recommended (2)

Hypersensitivity to any component of this product. Adverse reactions may include as an anaphylactic reaction, urticaria, facial and/or tongue swelling, or pruritus. Discontinue cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules if a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected. Concomitant use of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors or within 14 days after their discontinuation. Hyperpyretic crisis seizures and deaths have occurred in patients receiving cyclobenzaprine (or structurally similar tricyclic antidepressants) concomitantly with MAO inhibitor drugs. During the acute recovery phase of myocardial infarction, and in patients with arrhythmias, heart block or conduction disturbances, or congestive heart failure. Hyperthyroidism. Hypersensitivity to any component of this product (4) Concomitant use of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors or within 14 days after their discontinuation (4) During acute recovery phase of myocardial infarction, and in patients with arrhythmias, heart block or conduction disturbances, or congestive heart failure (4) Hyperthyroidism (4)

The following clinically significant reactions are described in greater detail, in other sections. Serotonin Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Adverse Cardiovascular Effects [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥3% in any treatment group and greater than placebo): dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, constipation, nausea, dyspepsia, and somnolence ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Upsher-Smith Laboratories, LLC at 1-855-899-9180 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. The data described below reflect exposure to cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules in 253 patients in 2 clinical trials. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules were studied in two double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, active-controlled trials of identical design [see Clinical Studies (14)] . The study population was composed of patients with muscle spasms associated with acute painful musculoskeletal conditions. Patients received 15 mg or 30 mg of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules taken orally once daily, cyclobenzaprine immediate-release (IR) 10 mg three times a day, or placebo for 14 days. The most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥3% in any treatment group and greater than placebo) were dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, constipation, nausea, dyspepsia, and somnolence (see Table 1). Table 1: Incidence of the Most Common Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 3% of Patients in any Treatment Group* and Greater Than Placebo in the Two Phase 3, Double-Blind Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules Trials Placebo Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules 15 mg Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules 30 mg N=128 N=127 N=126 Dry mouth 2% 6% 14% Dizziness 2% 3% 6% Fatigue 2% 3% 3% Constipation 0% 1% 3% Somnolence 0% 1% 2% Nausea 1% 3% 3% Dyspepsia 1% 0% 4% *Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules 15 mg QD, Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules 30 mg QD, or cyclobenzaprine IR tablets TID 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been reported in clinical studies or postmarketing experience with cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules, cyclobenzaprine IR, or tricyclic drugs. Because some of these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. In a postmarketing surveillance program of cyclobenzaprine IR, the adverse reactions reported most frequently were drowsiness, dry mouth, and dizziness and adverse reactions reported in 1% to 3% of the patients were: fatigue/tiredness, asthenia, nausea, constipation, dyspepsia, unpleasant taste, blurred vision, headache, nervousness, and confusion. The following adverse reactions have been reported in postmarketing experience (cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules or cyclobenzaprine IR), in clinical studies of cyclobenzaprine IR (incidence <1%), or in postmarketing experience with other tricyclic drugs: Body as a Whole: Syncope; malaise; chest pain; edema. Cardiovascular: Tachycardia; arrhythmia; vasodilatation; palpitation; hypotension; hypertension; myocardial infarction; heart block; stroke. Digestive: Vomiting; anorexia; diarrhea; gastrointestinal pain; gastritis; thirst; flatulence; edema of the tongue; abnormal liver function and rare reports of hepatitis, jaundice, and cholestasis; paralytic ileus, tongue discoloration; stomatitis; parotid swelling. Endocrine: Inappropriate ADH syndrome. Hematologic and Lymphatic: Purpura; bone marrow depression; leukopenia; eosinophilia; thrombocytopenia. Hypersensitivity: Anaphylaxis; angioedema; pruritus; facial edema; urticaria; rash. Metabolic, Nutritional, and Immune: Elevation and lowering of blood sugar levels; weight gain or loss. Musculoskeletal: Local weakness; myalgia. Nervous System and Psychiatric: Seizures; ataxia; vertigo; dysarthria; tremors; hypertonia; convulsions; muscle twitching; disorientation; insomnia; depressed mood; abnormal sensations; anxiety; agitation; psychosis; abnormal thinking and dreaming; hallucinations; excitement; paresthesia; diplopia; serotonin syndrome; neuroleptic malignant syndrome; decreased or increased libido; abnormal gait; delusions; aggressive behavior; paranoia; peripheral neuropathy; Bell’s palsy; alteration in EEG patterns; extrapyramidal symptoms. Respiratory: Dyspnea. Skin: Sweating; photosensitization; alopecia. Special Senses: Ageusia; tinnitus. Urogenital: Urinary frequency and/or retention; impaired urination; dilatation of urinary tract; impotence; testicular swelling; gynecomastia; breast enlargement; galactorrhea.

Based on its structural similarity to tricyclic antidepressants, cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended-release capsules may have life-threatening interactions with MAO inhibitors [ see Contraindications (4) ] , may enhance the effects of alcohol, barbiturates, and other CNS depressants, may enhance the seizure risk in patients taking tramadol, or may block the antihypertensive action of guanethidine and similarly acting compounds. Postmarketing cases of serotonin syndrome have been reported during combined use of cyclobenzaprine and other drugs, such as SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, tramadol, bupropion, meperidine, verapamil, or MAO inhibitors [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] . MAO Inhibitors: Life-threatening interactions may occur ( 4 , 7 ) Serotonergic Drugs: Serotonin syndrome has been reported ( 5.1 , 7 ) CNS Depressants: Effects of alcohol, barbiturates, and other CNS depressants may be enhanced ( 5.2 , 7 ) Tramadol: Seizure risk may be enhanced ( 7 ) Guanethidine: Antihypertensive effect may be blocked ( 7 )

16.2 Storage and Handling Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP/NF. Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].