SPL Set ID: 71368966-b2d6-44cb-9418-050fe943af73
1 drug(s) with this SPL Set ID
The barbiturates are nonselective central nervous system (CNS) depressants that are primarily used as sedative-hypnotics. In subhypnotic doses, they are also used as anticonvulsants. The barbiturates and their sodium salts are subject to control under the Federal Controlled Substances Act. Phenobarbital is a barbituric acid derivative and occurs as white, odorless, small crystals or crystalline powder that is very slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, in ether, and in solutions of fixed alkali hydroxides and carbonates; sparingly soluble in chloroform. Phenobarbital is 5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid. Phenobarbital is a substituted pyrimidine derivative in which the basic structure is barbituric acid, a substance that has no CNS activity. CNS activity is obtained by substituting alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl groups on the pyrimidine ring. It has the following structural formula: C12H12N2O3 M.W. 232.24 Each phenobarbital tablet contains 16.2 mg, 32.4 mg, 64.8 mg, or 97.2 mg of phenobarbital. In addition, each tablet contains: magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide, and sodium starch glycolate. Chemical Structure