trupharma, llc - Medication Listings

Metformin hydrochloride oral solution contains the biguanidine antihyperglycemic agent metformin in the form of monohydrochloride salt. Metformin hydrochloride, USP is N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide hydrochloride. The structural formula is shown as: Metformin hydrochloride, USP is a white crystalline powder with a molecular formula of C 4 H 11 N 5 •HCl and a molecular weight of 165.62. The pKa of metformin is 12.4. The pH of a 1% aqueous solution of metformin hydrochloride is 6.68. It is freely soluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol; practically insoluble in acetone and in methylene chloride. Metformin hydrochloride oral solution contains 500 mg of metformin hydrochloride, USP (the equivalent of 389.93 mg metformin) per 5 mL and the following inactive ingredients: Benzoic Acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium bicarbonate, purified water, strawberry flavor, sucralose, and xanthan gum. image description

Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride, USP is a tricyclic amine salt which is white to off white, odourless, crystalline powder with the molecular formula C 20 H 21 N • HCl and a molecular weight of 311.9. It has a melting point of 217°C, and a pKa of 8.47 at 25°C. It is freely soluble in water, in alcohol and in methanol, sparingly soluble in isopropanol, slightly soluble in chloroform and in methylene chloride, insoluble in n-hexane. If aqueous solutions are made alkaline, the free base separates. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride is designated chemically as 3-(5H -dibenzo[a,d] cyclohepten-5-ylidene)- N,N -dimethyl-1-propanamine hydrochloride, and has the following structural formula: Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride tablets, USP are available as 5 mg, 7.5 mg and 10 mg tablets for oral administration. Each 5 mg, 7.5 mg and 10 mg tablet contains cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride and the following inactive ingredients: crospovidone, hypromellose, lactose anhydrous, macrogol, magnesium stearate, polysorbate 80, pregelatinized starch, silicified microcrystalline cellulose, titanium dioxide. The tablets of 5 mg and 10 mg also contain D&C Yellow #10 Aluminum Lake and FD&C Yellow #6 Sunset Yellow FCF Aluminum Lake. In addition, the 5 mg tablets contain FD&C Blue #2/INDIGO Carmine Aluminum Lake. Image

Sildenafil tablets USP, an oral therapy for erectile dysfunction, consist of citrate salt of sildenafil, a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). Sildenafil citrate is designated chemically as 1-[[3-(6,7-dihydro-1-methyl-7-oxo-3-propyl-1 H - pyrazolo[4,3- d ]pyrimidin-5-yl)-4-ethoxyphenyl]sulfonyl]-4-methylpiperazine citrate and has the following structural formula: Sildenafil citrate is a white to off-white powder, slightly soluble in water and methanol with a molecular weight of 666.7. Sildenafil tablets, USP are formulated as blue, film-coated oval biconvex tablets equivalent to 25 mg, 50 mg and 100 mg of sildenafil for oral administration. In addition to the active ingredient, sildenafil citrate, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: crospovidone, hydrophobic colloidal silica, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate VG, microcrystalline cellulose, titanium dioxide, triacetin and FD&C Blue# 2/ Indigo Carmine Aluminium. Structure Image

Sildenafil Tablets, USP phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor, is the citrate salt of sildenafil, a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type-5 (PDE-5). Sildenafil is also marketed as VIAGRA ® for erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil citrate is designated chemically as 1-[[3-(6,7-dihydro-1-methyl-7-oxo-3-propyl-1 H -pyrazolo [4,3- d ] pyrimidin-5-yl)-4-ethoxyphenyl] sulfonyl]-4-methylpiperazine citrate and has the following structural formula: Sildenafil citrate is a white or almost white, slightly hygroscopic crystalline powder. Slightly soluble in water & methanol, practically insoluble in hexane and a molecular weight of 666.7. Sildenafil tablets: Sildenafil tablets is white round, biconvex film coated tablets, debossed with R on one side and 20 on the other, containing sildenafil citrate equivalent to 20 mg of sildenafil. In addition to the active ingredient, sildenafil citrate , each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: Crospovidone, Hypromellose, Hydrophobic colloidal silica, Lactose monohydrate, Magnesium stearate, Microcrystalline cellulose, Titanium dioxide, and Triacetin. Structure Formula

Each scored oxybutynin chloride tablet contains 5 mg of oxybutynin chloride. Chemically, oxybutynin chloride is d,l (racemic) 4-diethylamino-2-butynyl phenylcyclohexylglycolate hydrochloride. The empirical formula of oxybutynin chloride is C 22 H 31 NO 3 •HCl. The structural formula appears below: Oxybutynin chloride is a white crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 393.95. It is readily soluble in water and acids, but relatively insoluble in alkalis. Oxybutynin Chloride Tablets also contain colloidal silicon dioxide NF, FD&C Blue #1 aluminum lake, magnesium stearate NF, microcrystalline cellulose NF, and pregelatinized starch NF. Oxybutynin Chloride Tablets are for oral administration. Therapeutic Category: Antispasmodic, anticholinergic. Oxybutynin Chloride Tablets conform to USP Dissolution Test 2. This is an image of the structural formula for Oxybutynin Chloride.

Tramadol Hydrochloride Tablets, USP for oral use, are an opioid agonist. The chemical name for tramadol hydrochloride is (±) cis -2-[(dimethylamino) methyl]-1-(3- methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol hydrochloride. The structural formula is: The molecular weight of tramadol hydrochloride is 299.8. Tramadol hydrochloride is a white crystalline powder. It is readily soluble in water and ethanol and has a pKa of 9.41. The n-octanol/water log partition coefficient (logP) is 1.35 at pH 7. Tramadol Hydrochloride Tablets ,USP 50 mg and Tramadol Hydrochloride Tablets ,USP 100 mg contains 50 mg and 100 mg of tramadol hydrochloride respectively and are white in color. Inactive ingredients in the tablet are hypromellose, lactose anhydrous, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80, pregelatinized starch,sodium starch glycolate and titanium dioxide. tramadol-hcl-tabs-structure

Tramadol hydrochloride oral solution is an opioid agonist. The chemical name for tramadol hydrochloride is (±) cis -2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol hydrochloride. The structural formula is: The molecular formula of tramadol hydrochloride is C 16 H 25 NO 2 · HCl, and the molecular weight is 299.8. Tramadol hydrochloride is a white, bitter, crystalline and odorless powder. It is readily soluble in water and ethanol and has a pKa of 9.41. The n-octanol/water log partition coefficient (logP) is 1.35 at pH 7. Tramadol hydrochloride oral solution is a clear, grape flavored liquid containing 5 mg of tramadol hydrochloride per 1 mL (equivalent to tramadol 4.4 mg per 1 mL) Inactive ingredients include: citric acid, glycerin, grape flavor, propylene glycol, purified water, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate dihydrate, and sucralose. Chemical Structure

Naproxen delayed-release tablets are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs available as follows: Naproxen delayed-release tablets USP are available as enteric coated, white to off-white tablets containing 375 mg of naproxen or 500 mg of naproxen, USP for oral administration. Naproxen, USP is a propionic acid derivative related to the arylacetic acid group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The chemical name for naproxen, USP is (S)-6-methoxy-α-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid. Naproxen, USP has a molecular weight of 230.26 and a molecular formula of C 14 H 14 O 3 . Naproxen has the following structural formula: Naproxen, USP is an odorless, white to off-white crystalline powder. It is lipid-soluble, practically insoluble in water at low pH and freely soluble in water at high pH. The log octanol/water partition coefficient of naproxen, USP is 3.18 The inactive ingredients are croscarmellose sodium, povidone, and magnesium stearate. The enteric coating dispersion contains methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate copolymer dispersion, talc, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, triethyl citrate and purified water. The tablets are printed with edible black ink which contains purified water, ferrosoferric oxide, propylene glycol and hypromellose. The dissolution of this enteric-coated naproxen tablet is pH dependent with rapid dissolution above pH 6. There is no dissolution below pH 4. molecule

Acetazolamide, an inhibitor of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase is a white to faintly yellowish white crystalline powder, very slightly soluble in water, sparingly soluble in practically boiling water and slightly soluble in alcohol. The chemical name for acetazolamide is N -(5-Sulfamoyl-1,3,4- thiadiazol-2-yl)acetamide and has the following chemical structure: Molecular Weight: 222.25 Molecular Formula: C 4 H 6 N 4 O 3 S 2 Acetazolamide is available as oral tablets containing 125 mg and 250 mg of acetazolamide respectively and the following inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, maize starch, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone and sodium strach glycolate. chemstructure

Acetic acid otic solution, USP is a solution of acetic acid (2%), in a propylene glycol vehicle containing propylene glycol diacetate (3%), benzethonium chloride (0.02%), sodium acetate (0.015%), and citric acid. The molecular formula for acetic acid is CH 3 COOH, with a molecular weight of 60.05. The structural formula is: Acetic acid otic solution, USP is available as a nonaqueous otic solution buffered at pH 3 for use in the external ear canal. Chemical Structure

Aminocaproic acid is 6-aminohexanoic acid, which acts as an inhibitor of fibrinolysis. Its chemical structure is: Aminocaproic acid is soluble in water, acid, and alkaline solutions; it is sparingly soluble in methanol and practically insoluble in chloroform. Aminocaproic acid oral solution, USP for oral administration, contains 0.25 g/mL of aminocaproic acid with methylparaben 0.20%, propylparaben 0.05% as preservatives and the following inactive ingredients: edetate disodium 0.30%, saccharin sodium, sorbitol solution, anhydrous citric acid, artificial raspberry flavor, purified water, and propylene glycol. Chemical Structure

apomorphine hydrocloride (apomorphine hydrochloride injection) contains apomorphine hydrochloride, a non-ergoline dopamine agonist. Apomorphine hydrochloride is chemically designated as 6aβ-Aporphine-10,11-diol hydrochloride hemihydrate with a molecular formula of C 17 H 17 NO 2 ∙ HCl ∙ ½ H 2 O. Its structural formula and molecular weight are: Figure 1: Structural Formula and Molecular Weight of Apomorphine M.W. 312.79 Apomorphine hydrochloride appears as minute, white or grayish-white glistening crystals or as white powder that is soluble in water at 80°C. Apomorphine hydrocloride is a clear, colorless, sterile solution for subcutaneous injection and is available in 3 mL (30 mg) multi-dose cartridges. Each mL of solution contains 10 mg of apomorphine hydrochloride, USP as apomorphine hydrochloride hemihydrate (equivalent to 8.55 mg apomorphine), 1 mg of sodium metabisulfite, NF and 5 mg of benzyl alcohol, NF (preservative) in water for injection, USP. In addition, each mL of solution may contain sodium hydroxide, NF and/or hydrochloric acid, NF to adjust the pH of the solution. Figure 1

Baclofen oral solution is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA-ergic) agonist available as 10 mg/5 mL solution for oral administration. Its chemical name is 4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-butanoic acid, and its structural formula is: Molecular formula is C 1O H 12 CINO 2 . Molecular Weight is 213.66. Baclofen USP is a white to off-white, odorless or practically odorless crystalline powder. It is slightly soluble in water, very slightly soluble in methanol, and insoluble in chloroform. The baclofen oral solution inactive ingredients are: glycerin, methylparaben, propylparaben, purified water, and sucralose. May also contain sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment. bac structure

Baclofen, USP is a muscle relaxant and antispastic. Its chemical name is 4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-butanoic acid. The structural formula is: C 10 H 12 ClNO 2 M.W. 213.66 Baclofen, USP is a white to off-white odorless or practically odorless crystalline powder. It is slightly soluble in water, very slightly soluble in methanol and insoluble in chloroform. Each tablet, for oral administration, contains 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg or 20 mg baclofen, USP. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Pregelatinized Starch, Sodium Starch Glycolate, Colloidal Silicon dioxide and Magnesium Stearate. Image

Betamethasone dipropionate ointment contains betamethasone dipropionate USP, a synthetic adrenocorticosteroid, for dermatologic use. Betamethasone, an analog of prednisolone, has a high degree of glucocorticoid activity and a slight degree of mineralocorticoid activity. Betamethasone dipropionate is a white to cream white odorless crystalline powder insoluble in water. Chemically, it is 9-fluoro-11β,17,21-trihydroxy-16β-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 17,21- dipropionate. The structural formula is: Each gram of the 0.05% ointment contains 0.64 mg betamethasone dipropionate (equivalent to 0.5 mg betamethasone) in an ointment base of mineral oil and white petrolatum. chemical-structure

Bisoprolol fumarate, USP is a synthetic, beta1-selective (cardio-selective) adrenoceptor blocking agent. The chemical name for bisoprolol fumarate is (±)-1-[4-[[2-(1-Methylethoxy)ethoxy]methyl]phenoxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-propanol( E )-2-butenedioate (2:1) (salt). It possesses an asymmetric carbon atom in its structure and is provided as a racemic mixture. The S(-) enantiomer is responsible for most of the beta-blocking activity. Its molecular formula is (C 18 H 31 NO 4 ) 2 •C 4 H 4 O 4 and its structure is: Bisoprolol fumarate has a molecular weight of 766.97. It is a white crystalline powder which is approximately equally hydrophilic and lipophilic, and is readily soluble in water, methanol, ethanol and chloroform. Bisoprolol fumarate is available as 5 mg or 10 mg for oral administration. Inactive ingredients include carnauba wax, colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, crospovidone, dibasic calcium phosphate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polydextrose, polyethylene glycol, titanium dioxide, triacetin. The 5 mg tablets also contain FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake. Meets USP Dissolution Test 2. The structure formula for Bisoprolol fumarate, USP is a synthetic, beta1-selective (cardio-selective) adrenoceptor blocking agent. The chemical name for bisoprolol fumarate is (±)-1-[4-[[2-(1-Methyle

Bisoprolol fumarate is a synthetic, beta 1 -selective (cardioselective) adrenoceptor blocking agent. The chemical name for bisoprolol fumarate is (±)-1-[4-[[2-(1-Methylethoxy)ethoxy]methyl]phenoxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-propanol( E )-2-butenedioate (2:1) (salt). It possesses an asymmetric carbon atom in its structure and is provided as a racemic mixture. The S(-) enantiomer is responsible for most of the beta-blocking activity. Its empirical formula is (C 18 H 31 NO 4 ) 2 •C 4 H 4 O 4 and its structure is: Bisoprolol fumarate has a molecular weight of 766.97. It is a white crystalline powder which is approximately equally hydrophilic and lipophilic, and is readily soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, and chloroform. Bisoprolol fumarate tablets, USP are available as 2.5 mg tablets for oral administration. Inactive ingredients include Colloidal Silicon Dioxide, Corn Starch, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate, Hypromellose, Magnesium Stearate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Polyethylene Glycol, Polysorbate 80, and Titanium Dioxide. The 5 mg tablets also contain FD&C Red # 40/Allura Red AC aluminum lake, FD&C Yellow # 6/Sunset Yellow FCF aluminum lake. FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP. chemical structure

Carbidopa and Levodopa tablets, USP are a combination of carbidopa and levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and syndrome. Carbidopa, an inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylation, is a white, crystalline compound, slightly soluble in water, with a molecular weight of 244.3. It is designated chemically as (—)-L-α-hydrazino-α-methyl-β-(3,4-dihydroxybenzene) propanoic acid monohydrate. Its empirical formula is C 10 H 14 N 2 O 4 •H 2 O, and its structural formula is: Tablet content is expressed in terms of anhydrous carbidopa which has a molecular weight of 226.3. Levodopa, an aromatic amino acid, is a white, crystalline compound, slightly soluble in water, with a molecular weight of 197.2. It is designated chemically as (—)-L-α-amino-β-(3,4-dihydroxybenzene) propanoic acid. Its empirical formula is C 9 H 11 NO 4 , and its structural formula is: Carbidopa and levodopa tablets, USP are supplied in three strengths: Carbidopa and levodopa tablets USP 10/100 mg containing 10 mg of carbidopa and 100 mg of levodopa. Carbidopa and levodopa tablets USP 25/100 mg containing 25 mg of carbidopa and 100 mg of levodopa. Carbidopa and levodopa tablets USP 25/250 mg containing 25 mg of carbidopa and 250 mg of levodopa. Inactive ingredients are hydroxypropyl cellulose, crospovidone, microcrystalline cellulose, and magnesium stearate. Carbidopa and levodopa tablets 10 mg/100 mg and 25 mg/250 mg also contain FD&C Blue 2 aluminium lake. Carbidopa and levodopa tablets 25 mg/100 mg also contain D&C Yellow 10 aluminium lake. FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP. Image of Carbidopa Chemical Structure Image of Levodopa Chemical Structure

Clomipramine hydrochloride capsules USP is an antiobsessional drug that belongs to the class (dibenzazepine) of pharmacologic agents known as tricyclic antidepressants. Clomipramine hydrochloride capsules are available as capsules of 25, 50, and 75 mg for oral administration. Clomipramine hydrochloride USP is 3-chloro-5-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-10,11-dihydro- 5H -dibenz[ b,f ] azepine monohydrochloride, and its structural formula is: Clomipramine hydrochloride USP is a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is freely soluble in water, in methanol, and in methylene chloride, and insoluble in ethyl ether and in hexane. Inactive Ingredients . colloidal silicon dioxide, D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Blue No. 1 (25 mg and 50 mg strengths only), FD&C Red No. 3 (25 mg and 50 mg strengths only), FD&C Red No. 40 (50 mg strength only), FD&C Yellow No. 6 (25 mg and 75 mg strength only), gelatin , magnesium stearate, pregelatinized starch, and titanium dioxide. In addition, the black imprinting ink for the 25 mg, 50 mg and 75 mg capsules contains black iron oxide, propylene glycol, shellac, strong ammonia solution. Chemical Structure

Clonidine extended-release tablets are available for oral administration in two dose strengths: 0.17 mg and 0.26 mg. The 0.17 mg and 0.26 mg tablets are equivalent to 0.2 mg and 0.3 mg of immediate-release clonidine hydrochloride, respectively. Clonidine hydrochloride, a centrally active alpha-adrenergic agonist, is an imidazoline derivative and exists as a mesomeric compound. The chemical name is 2-(2.6-dichlorophenylamino)-2-imidazoline hydrochloride. The following is the structural formula: C 9 H 9 C l2 N 3 ·HCl Mol. Wt. 266.56 Clonidine hydrochloride is an odorless, bitter, white crystalline substance soluble in water and alcohol. The inactive ingredients are: crospovidone, dental-type silica, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, povidone, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, triacetin. The 0.17 mg tablet also contains hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, and titanium dioxide. The 0.26 mg tablet also contains D&C yellow #10 aluminum lake, FD&C yellow #6 aluminum lake, fractionated coconut oil, maltodextrin, polydextrose, talc, and titanium dioxide. molecularstructure

Clonidine hydrochloride is a centrally acting alpha-agonist hypotensive agent available as tablets for oral administration in three dosage strengths: 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg and 0.3 mg. The 0.1 mg tablet is equivalent to 0.087 mg of the free base. Clonidine hydrochloride tablets USP contain the following inactive ingredients: lactose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch, and sodium starch glycolate. The 0.1 mg also contains D&C yellow #10 aluminum lake, and the 0.3 mg contains D&C yellow #10 aluminum lake and FD&C blue #1 aluminum lake. Clonidine hydrochloride is an imidazoline derivative and exists as a mesomeric compound. The chemical name is 2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)-2-imidazoline hydrochloride. The following is the structural formula: C 9 H 9 Cl 2 N 3 • HCl Mol. Wt. 266.56 Clonidine hydrochloride is an odorless, bitter, white, crystalline substance soluble in water and alcohol. the structural formula for Clonidine hydrochloride is an imidazoline derivative and exists as a mesomeric compound. The chemical name is 2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)-2-imidazoline hydrochloride.

Clonidine Transdermal System, USP provides continuous systemic delivery of clonidine for 7 days at an approximately constant rate. Clonidine is a centrally acting alpha‑agonist hypotensive agent. It is an imidazoline derivative with the chemical name 2,6‑dichloro‑N‑2‑imidazolidinylidenebenzenamine and has the following chemical structure: System Structure and Components Clonidine Transdermal System, USP is a multi-layered film, 0.2 mm thick, containing clonidine as the active agent. The system areas are 3.5 cm 2 (Clonidine Transdermal System USP, 0.1 mg/day), 7.0 cm 2 (Clonidine Transdermal System USP, 0.2 mg/day) and 10.5 cm 2 (Clonidine Transdermal System USP, 0.3 mg/day) and the amount of drug released is directly proportional to the area (see Release Rate Concept ). The composition per unit area is the same for all three doses. Proceeding from the visible surface towards the surface attached to the skin, there are four consecutive layers: 1) a backing layer of pigmented polyester and aluminum film; 2) a drug reservoir of clonidine, mineral oil, polyisobutylene, and colloidal silicon dioxide; 3) a microporous polypropylene membrane that controls the rate of delivery of clonidine from the system to the skin surface; 4) an adhesive formulation of clonidine, mineral oil, polyisobutylene, and colloidal silicon dioxide. Prior to use, a protective slit release liner of polyester that covers the adhesive layer is removed. Cross Section of the System: cross-section-table Release Rate Concept Clonidine Transdermal System, USP, is programmed to release clonidine at an approximately constant rate for 7 days. The energy for drug release is derived from the concentration gradient existing between a saturated solution of drug in the system and the much lower concentration prevailing in the skin. Clonidine flows in the direction of the lower concentration at a constant rate, limited by the rate‑controlling membrane, so long as a saturated solution is maintained in the drug reservoir. Following system application to intact skin, clonidine in the adhesive layer saturates the skin site below the system. Clonidine from the drug reservoir then begins to flow through the rate‑controlling membrane and the adhesive layer of the system into the systemic circulation via the capillaries beneath the skin. Therapeutic plasma clonidine levels are achieved 2 to 3 days after initial application of Clonidine Transdermal System, USP, 0.1 mg/day. The 3.5, 7.0, and 10.5 cm 2 systems deliver 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg of clonidine per day, respectively. To ensure constant release of drug for 7 days, the total drug content of the system is higher than the total amount of drug delivered. Application of a new system to a fresh skin site at weekly intervals continuously maintains therapeutic plasma concentrations of clonidine. If the Clonidine Transdermal System, USP is removed and not replaced with a new system, therapeutic plasma clonidine levels will persist for about 8 hours and then decline slowly over several days. Over this time period, blood pressure returns gradually to pretreatment levels. clonidine structure

Clotrimazole topical solution USP, 1% contains 10 mg clotrimazole USP, a synthetic antifungal agent having the chemical name 1-(o-Chloro-α,α-diphenylbenzyl) imidazole with the following strctural formula: MOLECULAR FORMULA C 22 H 17 CIN 2 MOLECULAR WEIGHT 344.85 Clotrimazole is an odorless, white crystalline substance. It is practically insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in ether and very soluble in polyethylene glycol 400, ethanol, and chloroform. Each mL of clotrimazole topical solution USP, 1% contains 10 mg clotrimazole USP in a nonaqueous vehicle of polyethylene glycol 400. clotrimazole-01.jpg

Cyproheptadine HCl USP, is an antihistaminic and antiserotonergic agent. Cyproheptadine hydrochloride USP is a white to slightly yellowish crystalline powder, with a molecular weight of 350.89, which is slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in methanol, sparingly soluble in alcohol, soluble in chloroform, and practically insoluble in ether. It is the sesquihydrate of 4-(5H dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine hydrochloride. The molecular formula of the anhydrous salt is C 21 H 21 N•HCl and the structural formula of the anhydrous salt is: Cyproheptadine hydrochloride USP is available for oral administration in 4 mg tablets. Inactive ingredients include: lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate. structure

Dapsone gel, 7.5%, contains dapsone USP, a sulfone, in an aqueous gel base for topical dermatologic use. Dapsone gel, 7.5% is an off-white to yellow gel with suspended particles. Chemically, dapsone, USP has an empirical formula of C 12 H 12 N 2 O 2 S. It is a white or slightly yellow-white, crystalline powder that has a molecular weight of 248.30. Dapsone's chemical name is 4-[(4-aminobenzene) sulfonyl] aniline and its structural formula is: Each gram of dapsone gel, 7.5%, contains 75 mg of dapsone, USP, in a gel of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, methylparaben, acrylamide/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, isohexadecane, polysorbate 80, and purified water. The mechanism of action of dapsone gel in treating acne vulgaris is not known. structure

Dapsone Gel, 5%, contains dapsone, a sulfone, in an aqueous gel base for topical dermatologic use. Dapsone Gel, 5% is a gritty translucent material with visible drug substance particles. Chemically, dapsone has an empirical formula of C12H12N2O2S. It is a white, odorless crystalline powder that has a molecular weight of 248. Dapsone’s chemical name is 4,4’-diaminodiphenylsulfone and its structural formula is: Each gram of Dapsone Gel, 5%, contains 50 mg of dapsone, USP, in a gel of carbomer homopolymer type C; diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, NF; methylparaben, NF; sodium hydroxide, NF; and purified water, USP. Dapsone.jpg

Ethacrynic acid is an unsaturated ketone derivative of an aryloxyacetic acid. It is designated chemically as [2,3-dichloro-4-(2-methylene-1-oxobutyl)phenoxy] acetic acid, and has a molecular weight of 303.14. Ethacrynic acid is a white, or practically white, crystalline powder, very slightly soluble in water, but soluble in most organic solvents such as alcohols, chloroform, and benzene. Its empirical formula is C 13 H 12 Cl 2 O 4 and its structural formula is: Ethacrynic Acid Tablets USP, are supplied as 25 mg tablets for oral use. The tablets contain the following inactive ingredients: calcium stearate, lactose monohydrate and pre-gelatinized starch. FDA approved dissolution specifications differ from the USP dissolution specifications. ethacrynic-structure

Glipizide is an oral blood-glucose-lowering drug of the sulfonylurea class. The Chemical Abstracts name of glipizide is 1-cyclohexyl-3-[[p-[2-(5-methylpyrazine-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl]sulfonyl]urea. The molecular formula is C 21 H 27 N 5 O 4 S; the molecular weight is 445.55; the structural formula is shown below: Glipizide is a whitish, odorless powder with a pKa of 5.9. It is insoluble in water and alcohols, but soluble in 0.1 N NaOH; it is freely soluble in dimethylformamide. Glipizide tablets for oral use are available in 2.5 mg, 5mg and 10 mg strengths. Inactive ingredients are: colloidal silicon dioxide; croscarmellose sodium, lactose anhydrous; microcrystalline cellulose and stearic acid. Meets USP Dissolution test 2. Chemical Structure

Hydrocortisone Acetate 2.5% and Pramoxine HCl 1% Cream is a topical preparation containing hydrocortisone acetate 2.5% w/w and pramoxine hydrochloride 1% w/w in a hydrophilic cream base containing cetosteryl alcohol, glycerin, isopropyl myristate, poloxamer 407, polyoxyl 40 stearate, potassium sorbate, propylene glycol, purified water, sorbic acid, stearic acid and white petrolatum. Topical corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic agents. The structural formula, the chemical name, molecular formula and molecular weight for the active ingredients are presented below. Image 1

Levocarnitine is a carrier molecule in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The chemical name of levocarnitine is 3-carboxy-2(R)-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium, inner salt. Levocarnitine, USP is a white crystalline, hygroscopic powder. It is freely soluble in water, soluble in warm alcohol, and practically insoluble in acetone. The specific rotation of levocarnitine is between -29° and -32°. Its chemical structure is: Molecular formula: C 7 H 15 NO 3 Molecular weight: 161.20 Each 118 mL container of levocarnitine oral solution, USP contains 1 g of levocarnitine, USP/10 mL. Also contains: artificial cherry flavor, ethyl alcohol (0.0094%), malic acid, purified water, sucrose. Methylparaben and propylparaben are added as preservatives. The pH is between 4.0 to 6.0. chemical structure

Metoprolol tartrate tablets, USP contain metoprolol tartrate, a selective beta 1 -adrenoreceptor blocking agent. Metoprolol tartrate is (±)-1- (Isopropylamino)-3-[p-(2-methoxyethyl) phenoxy]-2-propanol L-(+)-tartrate (2:1) salt, and its structural formula is Metoprolol tartrate USP is a white, practically odorless, crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 684.82. It is very soluble in water; freely soluble in methylene chloride, in chloroform, and in alcohol; slightly soluble in acetone; and insoluble in ether. Metoprolol tartrate tablets, USP is available as 25 mg, 37.5 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg tablets for oral administration containing 25 mg, 37.5 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg metoprolol tartrate. Inactive Ingredients : Tablets contain lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate. Metoprolol tartrate Tablet Structure

Metoprolol tartrate is a selective beta 1 -adrenoreceptor blocking agent, available as 25 mg, 37.5 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg and 100 mg tablets for oral administration. Metoprolol tartrate is (±)-1-(isopropylamino)-3-[ p -2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-2-propanol (2:1) dextro -tartrate salt. Its structural formula is: Metoprolol tartrate, USP is a white, crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 684.82. It is very soluble in water; freely soluble in methylene chloride, in chloroform, and in alcohol; slightly soluble in acetone; and insoluble in ether. Each tablet for oral administration contains 25 mg, 37.5 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg or 100 mg of metoprolol tartrate and the following inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, colloidal silicon dioxide, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, titanium dioxide, sodium starch glycolate, talc and D & C Red #30 Aluminium Lake. Chemical Structure

Name: Midodrine Hydrochloride Tablets, USP Dosage Form: 2.5 mg, 5 mg and 10 mg tablets for oral administration Active Ingredient: Midodrine hydrochloride, 2.5 mg, 5 mg and 10 mg Inactive Ingredients: Colloidal Silicone Dioxide, Croscarmellose sodium, Magnesium Stearate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Pregelatinised Starch, Sodium Lauryl Sulphate Pharmacological Classification: Vasopressor/Antihypotensive Chemical Names (USAN: Midodrine Hydrochloride): (1) Acetamide, 2-amino-N-[2-(2,5- dimethoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]-monohydrochloride, (±)-; (2) (±)-2-amino-N-(ß-hydroxy-2,5-dimethoxyphenethyl)acetamide monohydrochloride BAN, INN, JAN: Midodrine Structural formula: Molecular formula: C 1 2 H 18 N 2 O 4 HCl; Molecular Weight: 290.7 Organoleptic Properties: Odorless, white crystalline powder Solubility: Water:Soluble Methanol: Sparingly soluble pKa: 7.8 (0.3% aqueous solution) pH: 3.5 to 5.5 (5% aqueous solution) Melting Range: 200 to 203°C Structure

Nitroglycerin is 1,2,3,-propanetriol trinitrate, an organic nitrate whose structural formula is as follows: and whose molecular weight is 227.09. Nitroglycerin ointment, USP, 0.4% contains 0.4% nitroglycerin w/w (4 mg nitroglycerin/1 g ointment), propylene glycol, lanolin, sorbitan sesquioleate, paraffin wax, and white petrolatum. Nitroglycerin ointment, USP, 0.4% is available in tubes with a one-inch dosing line on the carton allowing the measurement of approximately 375 mg of nitroglycerin ointment 0.4% (1.5 mg nitroglycerin) for application. image-structure

Oxazepam, USP is the first of a chemical series of compounds known as the 3- hydroxybenzodiazepinones. A therapeutic agent providing versatility and flexibility in control of common emotional disturbances, this product exerts prompt action in a wide variety of disorders associated with anxiety, tension, agitation, and irritability, and anxiety associated with depression. In tolerance and toxicity studies on several animal species, this product reveals significantly greater safety factors than related compounds (chlordiazepoxide and diazepam) and manifests a wide separation of effective doses and doses inducing side effects. Oxazepam, is 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2 H -1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one and has the following structural formula: MW 286.72 Oxazepam is a white-crystalline powder. Each capsule for oral administration contain 10 mg, 15 mg or 30 mg of oxazepam. Inactive ingredients: croscarmellose sodium, D&C yellow #10, FD&C blue #1, FD&C blue # 2, FD&C red # 40, ferric oxide black, gelatin, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, n-butyl alcohol, propylene glycol, sda-3a alcohol, shellac, sodium lauryl sulfate, titanium dioxide and other inert ingredients. The 15 mg capsule also contains: FD&C yellow # 6. The 30 mg capsule also contains: D&C red # 28. The following structural formula for Oxazepam, is 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one

Chemical name: 5-ethyldihydro-5-phenyl-4,6 (1H, 5H)-pyrimidinedione. Structural formula: Primidone is a white, crystalline, highly stable substance, M.P. 279-284°C. It is poorly soluble in water (60 mg per 100 mL at 37°C) and in most organic solvents. It possesses no acidic properties, in contrast to its barbiturate analog. Primidone Tablets, USP 50 mg, 125 mg and 250 mg contain the following inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, NF; magnesium stearate, NF; hypromellose, USP; microcrystalline cellulose, NF; purified water, USP; sodium lauryl sulfate, NF; sodium starch glycolate, NF; and talc, USP/NF. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Chemical Structure ACTIONS Primidone tablets raises electro- or chemoshock seizure thresholds or alters seizure patterns in experimental animals. The mechanism(s) of primidone's antiepileptic action is not known. Primidone per se has anticonvulsant activity as do its two metabolites, phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide (PEMA). In addition to its anticonvulsant activity, PEMA potentiates the anticonvulsant activity of phenobarbital in experimental animals.

Ramelteon Tablets are an orally active hypnotic chemically designated as ( S )- N -[2-(1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2 H -indeno-[5,4- b ]furan-8-yl)ethyl]propionamide and containing one chiral center. The compound is produced as the (S)-enantiomer, with an empirical formula of C 16 H 21 NO 2 , molecular weight of 259.34, and the following chemical structure: Ramelteon is freely soluble in organic solvents, such as methanol, ethanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide; soluble in 1-octanol and acetonitrile; and very slightly soluble in water and in aqueous buffers from pH 3 to pH 11. Each Ramelteon Tablet includes the following inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, pregelatinized starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, polyvinyl alcohol, titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol, talc and iron oxide yellow. image description

Sapropterin dihydrochloride is an orally administered Phenylalanine Hydroxylase activator (or PAH activator). Sapropterin dihydrochloride, the active pharmaceutical ingredient in sapropterin dihydrochloride powder for oral solution, is a synthetic preparation of the dihydrochloride salt of naturally occurring tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Sapropterin dihydrochloride is an off-white to pale yellow crystalline powder. The chemical name of sapropterin dihydrochloride is (6R)-2-amino-6-[(1R,2S)-1,2- dihydroxypropyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4(1H)-pteridinone dihydrochloride and the molecular formula is C 9 H 15 N 5 O 3 ·2HCl with a molecular weight of 314.17. Sapropterin dihydrochloride has the following structural formula: Sapropterin dihydrochloride is supplied as powder for oral solution containing 100 mg of sapropterin dihydrochloride (equivalent to 76.8 mg of sapropterin base). Sapropterin dihydrochloride is also supplied as powder for oral solution containing 500 mg of sapropterin dihydrochloride (equivalent to 384 mg of sapropterin base). Sapropterin dihydrochloride powder for oral solution is off-white to pale yellow in color. Each unit dose packet contains the following inactive ingredients: ascorbic acid, mannitol, potassium citrate and sucralose. image description

Sucralfate oral suspension contains sucralfate and sucralfate is an α-D-glucopyranoside, β-D-fructofuranosyl-, octakis-(hydrogen sulfate), aluminum complex. Sucralfate oral suspension for oral administration contains 1 g of sucralfate, USP per 10 mL. Sucralfate oral suspension also contains: colloidal silicon dioxide NF, FD&C Red #40, cherry-beri flavor, glycerin USP, methylcellulose NF, methylparaben NF, microcrystalline cellulose NF, purified water USP, simethicone emulsion USP, and sorbitol solution USP. Therapeutic category: antiulcer. Chemical Structure

The topical corticosteroids constitute a class of primarily synthetic steroids used as anti‑inflammatory and antipruritic agents. The steroids in this class include triamcinolone acetonide. Triamcinolone acetonide is designated chemically as 9-Fluoro-11β,16α,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4‑diene-3,20-dione cyclic 16,17-acetal with acetone. Structural formula: C 24 H 31 FO 6 MW 434.50 Each gram of 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide cream, USP provides 1 mg of triamcinolone acetonide, USP in a cream base containing cetyl alcohol, isopropyl palmitate, methylparaben, mineral oil/lanolin alcohol, polysorbate 40, propylparaben, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monostearate, purified water, sorbic acid, sorbitan monopalmitate, stearyl alcohol and xanthan gum. image description

Triamterene Capsules are potassium-sparing diuretics. Triamterene Triamterene is 2,4,7-triamino-6-phenyl-pteridine. Its molecular weight is 253.27. At 50°C, triamterene is slightly soluble in water. It is soluble in dilute ammonia, dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide and dimethylformamide. It is sparingly soluble in methanol. Each capsule for oral use, with opaque red cap and body, contains Triamterene USP, 50 mg or 100 mg, and is imprinted with AT 50 (for the 50-mg strength) and AT 100 (for the 100-mg strength) in white ink on both the cap and body. Inactive ingredients consist of Lactose monohydrate, Magnesium stearate, Gelatin, D&C Red No.33, FD&C yellow No.6, Titanium dioxide, Sodium lauryl sulfate, Shellac and Potassium hydroxide. triamterene-structure.jpg

VERSACLOZ, an atypical antipsychotic drug, is a tricyclic dibenzodiazepine derivative, 8-chloro-11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-5 H -dibenzo[ b,e ][1,4]diazepine. The is: VERSACLOZ is available as a free-flowing yellow suspension. Each mL contains 50 mg of clozapine. The active component of VERSACLOZ is clozapine. The remaining components are glycerin, sorbitol (crystallizing), sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, xanthan gum, sodium methylparaben, sodium propylparaben, povidone, water, and sodium hydroxide to adjust to a pH range of 6.5 – 7.0. structure