KLOXXADO

KLOXXADO (naloxone hydrochloride) nasal spray contains the active moiety naloxone, an opioid antagonist, in the form of hydrochloride salt. The chemical name of Naloxone hydrochloride dihydrate is 17-Allyl-4,5α-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxymorphinan-6-one hydrochloride dihydrate. It has the molecular weight of 399.87 g/mol. Naloxone hydrochloride dihydrate molecular formula is C 19 H 21 NO 4· HCl · 2H 2 O, and it has the following chemical structure, as shown below. Naloxone hydrochloride occurs as a white to slightly off-white powder, and is soluble in water, in dilute acids, and in strong alkali; slightly soluble in alcohol; practically insoluble in ether and in chloroform. KLOXXADO (naloxone hydrochloride) nasal spray is supplied in a pre-filled, single-dose intranasal spray. Each spray or 0.1 mL of KLOXXADO (naloxone hydrochloride) nasal spray contains 8 mg of naloxone hydrochloride (equivalent to 8.79 mg of naloxone hydrochloride dihydrate, USP or 7.2 mg naloxone). Inactive ingredients are dehydrated alcohol (8 mg strength: 20% (w/w)), edetate disodium dihydrate, USP, propylene glycol, USP, and sodium hydroxide, NF and hydrochloric acid, NF as pH adjusters, in purified water, USP. The pH range for KLOXXADO (naloxone hydrochloride) nasal spray is from 4.0 to 5.5. image-chemical-structure-usp.jpg

KLOXXADO is indicated for the emergency treatment of known or suspected opioid overdose, as manifested by respiratory and/or central nervous system depression, for adult and pediatric patients. KLOXXADO is intended for immediate administration as emergency therapy in settings where opioids may be present. KLOXXADO is not a substitute for emergency medical care. KLOXXADO is an opioid antagonist indicated for the emergency treatment of known or suspected opioid overdose, as manifested by respiratory and/or central nervous system depression, for adult and pediatric patients. (1) KLOXXADO is intended for immediate administration as emergency therapy in settings where opioids may be present. KLOXXADO is not a substitute for emergency medical care. ( 1 )

• KLOXXADO is for intranasal use only. ( 2.1 ) • Seek emergency medical care immediately after use. ( 2.1 ) • All approved naloxone hydrochloride products achieve plasma concen- trations effective at reversing the effects of opioid overdose. Comparing products on a nominal mg-for-mg basis may be misleading. ( 2.1 ) • Administer a single spray of KLOXXADO to adult or pediatric patients intranasally into one nostril. ( 2.2 ) • Administer additional doses of KLOXXADO, using a new nasal spray with each dose, if the patient does not respond or responds and then relapses into respiratory depression. Additional doses of KLOXXADO may be given every 2 to 3 minutes until emergency medical assistance arrives. ( 2.2 ) • Additional supportive and/or resuscitative measures may be helpful while awaiting emergency medical assistance. ( 2.2 ) 2.1 Important Dosage and Administration Instructions • KLOXXADO is for intranasal use only. • One spray delivers the entire contents of the drug product. • All approved naloxone hydrochloride products achieve plasma concentrations that have been shown to be efficacious in reversing the effects of opioid overdose. Comparing different products on a nominal mg-for-mg basis may be misleading [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . • The device is ready to use. Do not prime or test prior to administration. • Do not attempt to reuse KLOXXADO. Each KLOXXADO contains a single dose of naloxone and cannot be reused. • Because suspected opioid overdose is usually managed by someone other than the patient, instruct the prescription recipient to inform those around them about the presence of KLOXXADO and the Instructions for Use . Instruct the patient or caregiver to read the Instructions for Use at the time they receive a prescription for KLOXXADO. Emphasize the following instructions to the patient or caregiver. • Administer KLOXXADO as quickly as possible because prolonged respiratory depression may result in damage to the central nervous system or death. • Always seek immediate emergency medical assistance after the first dose of KLOXXADO has been administered in the event of a suspected, potentially life-threatening opioid emergency because the duration of action of most opioids exceeds that of naloxone hydrochloride. Keep the patient under continued surveillance and administer repeated doses of KLOXXADO, as necessary, until emergency personnel arrive [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. • Administer KLOXXADO according to the printed instructions on the carton and the Instructions for Use . • Place the patient in the supine position. Prior to administration, be sure the device nozzle is inserted in either nostril of the patient and provide support to the back of the neck to allow the head to tilt back. Do not prime or test the device prior to administration. • To administer the dose, press firmly on the device plunger and remove the device nozzle from the nostril after use. Place the patient in recovery position by turning him/her onto their side as shown in the Instructions for Use and call for emergency medical assistance immediately after the first dose of KLOXXADO. • Administer additional doses of KLOXXADO, using a new nasal spray, every 2 to 3 minutes as needed if the patient does not respond or responds and then relapses into respiratory depression. Administer KLOXXADO in alternate nostrils with each dose [see Dosing and Administration (2.2)]. 2.2 Dosing in Adult and Pediatric Patients Initial Dosing KLOXXADO nasal spray, 8 mg The recommended initial dose of KLOXXADO in adult and pediatric patients is one spray delivered by intranasal administration into one nostril, which delivers 8 mg of naloxone hydrochloride to adult or pediatric patients. Repeat Dosing Seek emergency medical assistance as soon as possible, after administering the first dose of KLOXXADO. If the desired response is not obtained after 2 or 3 minutes, administer an additional dose using a new KLOXXADO in alternate nostril. If there is still no response and additional doses are available, administer additional doses of KLOXXADO every 2 to 3 minutes, alternating nostrils and using a new KLOXXADO, until emergency medical assistance arrives. The requirement for repeat doses of KLOXXADO depends upon the amount, type, and route of administration of the opioid being antagonized. If the patient responds to KLOXXADO and subsequently relapses back into respiratory depression before emergency assistance arrives, administer an additional dose using a new KLOXXADO, in the opposite nostril, and continue surveillance of the patient. Additional supportive and/or resuscitative measures may be helpful while awaiting emergency medical assistance. Reversal of respiratory depression by partial agonists or mixed agonist/antagonists, such as buprenorphine and pentazocine, may be incomplete and require repeated administration of KLOXXADO using a new nasal spray [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )].

KLOXXADO is contraindicated in patients known to be hypersensitive to naloxone hydrochloride or to any of the other ingredients in KLOXXADO. Hypersensitivity to naloxone hydrochloride or to any of the other ingredients. ( 4 )

The following serious adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the labeling: • Recurrent Respiratory and Central Nervous System Depression [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] • Precipitation of Severe Opioid Withdrawal [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] The following adverse reactions were reported with KLOXXADO in two adult subjects each: abdominal pain, asthenia, dizziness, headache, nasal discomfort, and presyncope. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Hikma Specialty USA Inc. at 1-800-962-8364 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to the rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. KLOXXADO nasal spray, 4 mg No adverse events were reported in a pharmacokinetic study of 72 healthy adult volunteers exposed to one spray of 4 mg KLOXXADO nasal spray in one nostril. KLOXXADO nasal spray, 8 mg In two pharmacokinetic studies a total of 47 healthy adult volunteers were exposed to a single dose of KLOXXADO nasal spray 8 mg, one spray in one nostril. The following adverse reactions were reported in two subjects each: abdominal pain, asthenia, dizziness, headache, nasal discomfort, and presyncope. On local tissue assessments for nasal irritation, signs of nasal inflammation and nasal congestion were observed. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse events have been identified during the post-approval use of naloxone hydrochloride injection in the postoperative setting. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure: hypotension, hypertension, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, and cardiac arrest. Death, coma, and encephalopathy have been reported as sequelae of these events. Excessive doses of naloxone hydrochloride in postoperative patients have resulted in significant reversal of analgesia and have caused agitation. Abrupt reversal of opioid effects in persons who were physically dependent on opioids has precipitated an acute withdrawal syndrome. Signs and symptoms have included: body aches, fever, sweating, runny nose, sneezing, piloerection, yawning, weakness, shivering or trembling, nervousness, restlessness or irritability, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting, abdominal cramps, increased blood pressure, tachycardia. In some patients, there was aggressive behavior upon abrupt reversal of an opioid overdose. In the neonate, opioid withdrawal has included: convulsions, excessive crying, hyperactive reflexes [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] . The following most frequently reported events (in decreasing frequency) have been identified primarily during post-approval use of naloxone hydrochloride (all routes of administration): withdrawal syndrome, vomiting, nonresponsiveness to stimuli, drug ineffective, agitation, somnolence, and loss of consciousness.