Drug Facts
Composition & Profile
Identifiers & Packaging
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING 16.1 How Supplied ZOMACTON (somatropin) for injection is a white, lyophilized powder available as: NDC ZOMACTON Diluent Additional Items NDC 55566-1801-1 5 mg single-patient-use vial 5 mL vial of diluent, Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP with 0.9% benzyl alcohol NDC 55566-1901-1 10 mg single-patient-use vial 1 mL syringe of diluent, Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP with 0.33% metacresol 25G reconstitution needle 16.2 Storage and Handling Before Reconstitution Store ZOMACTON vials refrigerated at 36° to 46°F (2° to 8°C) in the original carton to protect from light. Avoid freezing the accompanying diluent. After Reconstitution If needed, store ZOMACTON 5 mg vials that have been reconstituted with co-packaged Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP (with 0.9% benzyl alcohol) refrigerated at 36° to 46°F (2° to 8°C) for up to 14 days. Do not freeze. If needed, store ZOMACTON 10 mg vials that have been reconstituted with co-packaged Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP (with 0.33% metacresol) refrigerated at 36° to 46°F (2° to 8°C) for up to 28 days. Do not freeze.; PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 5 mg Kit Carton NDC 55566-1801-1 FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS ZOMACTON ® (somatropin) for Injection 5 mg per vial For subcutaneous use only 1 single-patient-use vial Reconstitute with Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol. Gently swirl. Do not shake. Storage before and after reconstitution: Refrigerate at 2°C to 8°C (36°C to 46°F). Do not freeze. Protect from light. After reconstitution: Use within 14 days. Rx only Principal Display Panel - 5 mg Kit Carton; PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 10 mg Kit Carton - 1901 NDC 55566-1901-1 FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS ZOMACTON ® (somatropin) for Injection 10 mg per vial For subcutaneous use only 1 single-patient-use vial Reconstitute with Bacteriostatic Water for injection, USP containing 0.33% metacresol. Gently swirl. Do not shake. Storage before and after reconstitution: Refrigerate at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Do not freeze. Protect from light. After reconstitution: Use within 28 days. Rx only Principal Display Panel - 10 mg Kit Carton - 1901
- 16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING 16.1 How Supplied ZOMACTON (somatropin) for injection is a white, lyophilized powder available as: NDC ZOMACTON Diluent Additional Items NDC 55566-1801-1 5 mg single-patient-use vial 5 mL vial of diluent, Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP with 0.9% benzyl alcohol NDC 55566-1901-1 10 mg single-patient-use vial 1 mL syringe of diluent, Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP with 0.33% metacresol 25G reconstitution needle 16.2 Storage and Handling Before Reconstitution Store ZOMACTON vials refrigerated at 36° to 46°F (2° to 8°C) in the original carton to protect from light. Avoid freezing the accompanying diluent. After Reconstitution If needed, store ZOMACTON 5 mg vials that have been reconstituted with co-packaged Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP (with 0.9% benzyl alcohol) refrigerated at 36° to 46°F (2° to 8°C) for up to 14 days. Do not freeze. If needed, store ZOMACTON 10 mg vials that have been reconstituted with co-packaged Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP (with 0.33% metacresol) refrigerated at 36° to 46°F (2° to 8°C) for up to 28 days. Do not freeze.
- PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 5 mg Kit Carton NDC 55566-1801-1 FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS ZOMACTON ® (somatropin) for Injection 5 mg per vial For subcutaneous use only 1 single-patient-use vial Reconstitute with Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol. Gently swirl. Do not shake. Storage before and after reconstitution: Refrigerate at 2°C to 8°C (36°C to 46°F). Do not freeze. Protect from light. After reconstitution: Use within 14 days. Rx only Principal Display Panel - 5 mg Kit Carton
- PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 10 mg Kit Carton - 1901 NDC 55566-1901-1 FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS ZOMACTON ® (somatropin) for Injection 10 mg per vial For subcutaneous use only 1 single-patient-use vial Reconstitute with Bacteriostatic Water for injection, USP containing 0.33% metacresol. Gently swirl. Do not shake. Storage before and after reconstitution: Refrigerate at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Do not freeze. Protect from light. After reconstitution: Use within 28 days. Rx only Principal Display Panel - 10 mg Kit Carton - 1901
Overview
Somatropin is a human growth hormone (GH) produced by recombinant DNA technology using Escherichia coli. The protein is comprised of 191 amino acid residues and has a molecular weight of about 22,124 daltons. The amino acid sequence is identical to that of human growth hormone of pituitary origin. ZOMACTON (somatropin) for injection is a sterile, white lyophilized powder, intended for subcutaneous injection after reconstitution with the accompanying diluent. ZOMACTON 5 mg single-patient-use vial contains 5 mg of somatropin and mannitol (30 mg). Each 5 mg vial is co-packaged with a 5 mL vial of diluent containing Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, with 0.9% benzyl alcohol as a preservative, and Water for Injection, USP. ZOMACTON 10 mg single-patient-use vial contains 10 mg of somatropin, mannitol (10 mg), dibasic sodium phosphate (1.415 mg), and monobasic sodium phosphate (0.608 mg). Each 10 mg vial is co-packaged with a 1 mL syringe of diluent containing Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP with 0.33% metacresol as a preservative. Reconstituted solutions have a pH in the range of 7 to 9.
Indications & Usage
ZOMACTON is a recombinant human growth hormone indicated for: Pediatric: Treatment of pediatric patients with growth failure due to inadequate secretion of endogenous growth hormone (GH), short stature associated with Turner syndrome, idiopathic short stature (ISS), short stature or growth failure in short stature homeobox-containing gene (SHOX) deficiency, and short stature born small for gestational age (SGA) with no catch-up growth by 2 years to 4 years. ( 1.1 ) Adult: Replacement of endogenous GH in adults with GH deficiency ( 1.2 ) 1.1 Pediatric Patients ZOMACTON is indicated for the treatment of pediatric patients with: growth failure due to inadequate secretion of endogenous growth hormone (GH), short stature associated with Turner syndrome, idiopathic short stature (ISS), height standard deviation score (HSDS) ≤-2.25 and associated with growth rates unlikely to permit attainment of adult height in the normal range, short stature or growth failure in short stature homeobox-containing gene (SHOX) deficiency, short stature born small for gestational age (SGA) with no catch-up growth by 2 years to 4 years of age. 1.2 Adult Patients ZOMACTON is indicated for the replacement of endogenous GH in adults with GH deficiency.
Dosage & Administration
Administer by subcutaneous injection to the back of upper arm, abdomen, buttock, or thigh with regular rotation of injection sites ( 2.1 ) Pediatric dosage: Divide the calculated weekly dosage into equal doses given either 3, 6, or 7 days per week ( 2.2 ) GH deficiency : 0.18 mg/kg/week to 0.3 mg/kg/week ( 2.2 ) Turner syndrome: Up to 0.375 mg/kg/week ( 2.2 ) ISS : Up to 0.37 mg/kg/week ( 2.2 ) SHOX deficiency: 0.35 mg/kg/week ( 2.2 ) SGA: Up to 0.47 mg/kg/week ( 2.2 ) Adult dosage: Either of the following two dosing regimens may be used: Non-weight based dosing : Initiate with a dose of approximately 0.2 mg/day (range, 0.15 mg/day to 0.3 mg/day) and increase the dose every 1 to 2 months by increments of approximately 0.1 mg/day to 0.2 mg/day, according to individual patient requirements ( 2.3 ) Weight-based dosing (Not recommended for obese patients) : Initiate at 0.006 mg/kg daily and increase the dose according to individual patient requirements to a maximum of 0.0125 mg/kg daily ( 2.3 ) See Full Prescribing Information for reconstitution instructions ( 2.4 ) 2.1 Administration and Use Instructions Therapy with ZOMACTON should be supervised by a physician who is experienced in the diagnosis and management of patients with the conditions for which ZOMACTON is indicated [see Indications and Usage (1) ]. Fundoscopic examination should be performed routinely before initiating treatment with ZOMACTON to exclude preexisting papilledema, and periodically thereafter [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ]. Administer ZOMACTON by subcutaneous injection to the back of the upper arm, abdomen, buttock, or thigh with regular rotation of injection sites to avoid lipoatrophy. ZOMACTON 5 mg and 10 mg can be administered using a standard sterile disposable syringe. For proper use, please refer to the Instructions for Use provided with the administration device. The volume of the syringe should be small enough so that the prescribed dose can be withdrawn from the vial with reasonable accuracy. 2.2 Pediatric Dosage Individualize dosage for each patient based on the growth response. Divide the calculated weekly ZOMACTON dosage into equal doses given either 3, 6, or 7 days per week. The recommended weekly dose in milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) of body weight for pediatric patients is: Pediatric GH Deficiency: 0.18 mg/kg/week to 0.3 mg/kg/week (0.026 mg/kg/day to 0.043 mg/kg/day) Turner syndrome: Up to 0.375 mg/kg/week (up to 0.054 mg/kg/day) Idiopathic short stature: Up to 0.37 mg/kg/week (up to 0.053 mg/kg/day) SHOX Deficiency: 0.35 mg/kg/week (0.05 mg/kg/day) Small for Gestational Age (SGA): Up to 0.47 mg/kg/week (up to 0.067 mg/kg/day) In very short pediatric patients, HSDS less than -3, and older pubertal pediatric patients consider initiating treatment with a larger dose of ZOMACTON (up to 0.067 mg/kg/day). Consider a gradual reduction in dosage if substantial catch-up growth is observed during the first few years of therapy. In pediatric patients less than 4 years of age with less severe short stature, baseline HSDS values between -2 and -3, consider initiating treatment at 0.033 mg/kg/day and titrate the dose as needed. Assess compliance and evaluate other causes of poor growth such as hypothyroidism, under-nutrition, advanced bone age and antibodies to recombinant human GH if patients experience failure to increase height velocity, particularly during the first year of treatment. Discontinue ZOMACTON for stimulation of linear growth once epiphyseal fusion has occurred [see Contraindications (4) ]. 2.3 Adult Dosage Patients who were treated with somatropin for GH deficiency in childhood and whose epiphyses are closed should be reevaluated before continuation of somatropin for GH deficient adults. Consider using a lower starting dose and smaller dose increment increases for geriatric patients as they may be at increased risk for adverse reactions with ZOMACTON than younger individuals [see Use in Specific Populations (8.5) ] . Estrogen-replete women and patients receiving oral estrogen may require higher doses [see Drug Interactions (7) ]. Administer the prescribed dose daily Either of two ZOMACTON dosing regimens may be used: Non-weight based Initiate ZOMACTON with a dose of approximately 0.2 mg/day (range, 0.15 mg/day to 0.3 mg/day) and increase the dose every 1 to 2 months by increments of approximately 0.1 mg/day to 0.2 mg/day, according to individual patient requirements based on the clinical response and serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations. Decrease the dose as necessary on the basis of adverse reactions and/or serum IGF-1 concentrations above the age- and gender-specific normal range. Maintenance dosages will vary considerably from person to person, and between male and female patients. Weight-based Initiate ZOMACTON at 0.006 mg/kg daily and increase the dose according to individual patient requirements to a maximum of 0.0125 mg/kg daily. Use the patient's clinical response, adverse reactions, and determination of age- and gender-adjusted serum IGF-1 concentrations as guidance in dose titration. Not recommended for obese patients as they are more likely to experience adverse reactions with this regimen. 2.4 Reconstitution Reconstitute ZOMACTON 5 mg with 1 mL to 5 mL of diluent, Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP with 0.9% benzyl alcohol as a preservative. Do not use diluent if the patient has a known hypersensitivity to benzyl alcohol [see Contraindications (4) ] or in neonates [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13) ] , or pregnant or lactating women [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1 , 8.2) ] instead reconstitute with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, use only one dose per vial, and discard the unused portion. Reconstitute ZOMACTON 10 mg with 1 mL syringe of diluent, Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP with 0.33% metacresol as a preservative. Do not use diluent if the patient has a known hypersensitivity to metacresol [see Contraindications (4) ] . Aim the stream of diluent against the side of the vial to prevent foaming and gently swirl the vial with a rotary motion until the contents are completely dissolved and the solution is clear. Do not shake the vial since shaking or vigorous mixing will cause the solution to be cloudy. Inspect visually for particulate matter and discoloration. If the resulting solution is cloudy or contains particulate matter do not use. Occasionally, after refrigeration, some cloudiness may occur. Allow the product to warm to room temperature. If cloudiness persists or particulate matter is noted do not use.
Warnings & Precautions
Increased Risk of Neoplasm: Second neoplasms have occurred in childhood cancer survivors. Monitor patients with preexisting tumors for progression or recurrence. ( 5.3 ) Glucose Intolerance and Diabetes Mellitus: ZOMACTON may decrease insulin sensitivity, particularly at higher doses. Monitor glucose levels periodically in all patients receiving ZOMACTON, especially in patients with existing diabetes mellitus or at risk for development. ( 5.4 ) Intracranial Hypertension (IH): Has been reported usually within 8 weeks of initiation. Perform fundoscopic examinations prior to initiation and periodically thereafter. If papilledema occurs, stop treatment. ( 5.5 ) Hypersensitivity: Serious hypersensitivity reactions may occur. In the event of an allergic reaction, seek prompt medical attention. ( 5.6 ) Fluid Retention: May occur in adults and may be dose dependent. ( 5.7 ) Hypoadrenalism: Monitor patients for reduced serum cortisol levels and/or need for glucocorticoid dose increases in those with known hypoadrenalism. ( 5.8 ) Hypothyroidism: Monitor thyroid function periodically as hypothyroidism may occur or worsen after initiation of somatropin. ( 5.9 ) Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis in Pediatric Patients: May occur; evaluate patients with onset of a limp or hip/knee pain. ( 5.10 ) Progression of Preexisting Scoliosis in Pediatric Patients: Monitor patients with scoliosis for progression. ( 5.11 ) Pancreatitis: Has been reported; consider pancreatitis in patients with abdominal pain, especially pediatric patients. ( 5.12 ) Risk of Serious Adverse Reactions in Infants due to Benzyl Alcohol Preservative: Serious and fatal adverse reactions can occur in neonates and infants treated with benzyl alcohol-preserved drugs, including the diluent for ZOMACTON 5 mg. If administering ZOMACTON 5 mg to infants, reconstitute with 0.9% sodium chloride injection. ( 5.13 ) 5.1 Increased Mortality in Patients with Acute Critical Illness Increased mortality in patients with acute critical illness due to complications following open heart surgery, abdominal surgery or multiple accidental trauma, or those with acute respiratory failure has been reported after treatment with pharmacologic doses of somatropin [see Contraindications (4) ] . Two placebo-controlled clinical trials in non-GH deficient adult patients (n=522) with these conditions in intensive care units revealed a significant increase in mortality (42% vs. 19%) among somatropin-treated patients (doses 5.3 mg/day-8 mg/day) compared to those receiving placebo. The safety of continuing ZOMACTON treatment in patients receiving replacement doses for approved indications who concurrently develop these illnesses has not been established. ZOMACTON is not indicated for the treatment of non-GH deficient adults. 5.2 Sudden Death in Pediatric Patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome There have been reports of sudden death after initiating therapy with somatropin in pediatric patients with Prader-Willi syndrome who had one or more of the following risk factors: severe obesity, history of upper airway obstruction or sleep apnea, or unidentified respiratory infection. Male patients with one or more of these factors may be at greater risk than females. Patients with Prader-Willi syndrome should be evaluated for signs of upper airway obstruction and sleep apnea before initiation of treatment with somatropin. If, during treatment with somatropin, patients show signs of upper airway obstruction (including onset of, or increased, snoring) and/or new onset sleep apnea, treatment should be interrupted. All patients with Prader-Willi syndrome treated with somatropin should also have effective weight control and be monitored for signs of respiratory infection, which should be diagnosed as early as possible and treated aggressively [see Contraindications (4) ] . ZOMACTON is not indicated for the treatment of pediatric patients who have growth failure due to Prader-Willi syndrome. 5.3 Increased Risk of Neoplasms Active Malignancy There is an increased risk of malignancy progression with somatropin treatment in patients with active malignancy [see Contraindications (4) ]. Any preexisting malignancy should be inactive and its treatment complete prior to instituting therapy with ZOMACTON. Discontinue ZOMACTON if there is evidence of recurrent activity. Risk of Second Neoplasm in Pediatric Patients There is an increased risk of a second neoplasm in pediatric cancer survivors who were treated with radiation to the brain/head and who developed subsequent GH deficiency and were treated with somatropin. Intracranial tumors, in particular meningiomas, were the most common of these second neoplasms. In adults, it is unknown whether there is any relationship between somatropin replacement therapy and CNS tumor recurrence. Monitor all patients receiving ZOMACTON who have a history of GH deficiency secondary to an intracranial neoplasm for progression or recurrence of the tumor. New Malignancy During Treatment Because pediatric patients with certain rare genetic causes of short stature have an increased risk of developing malignancies, thoroughly consider the risks and benefits of starting ZOMACTON in these patients. If ZOMACTON is initiated, these patients should be carefully monitored for development of neoplasms. Monitor all patients receiving ZOMACTON carefully for increased growth, or potential malignant changes, of preexisting nevi. Advise patients/caregivers to report marked changes in behavior, onset of headaches, vision disturbances and/or changes in skin pigmentation or changes in the appearance of pre-existing nevi. 5.4 Glucose Intolerance and Diabetes Mellitus Treatment with somatropin may decrease insulin sensitivity, particularly at higher doses. New onset type 2 diabetes mellitus has been reported in patients taking somatropin. Previously undiagnosed impaired glucose tolerance and overt diabetes mellitus may be unmasked. Monitor glucose levels periodically in all patients receiving ZOMACTON, especially in those with risk factors for diabetes mellitus, such as obesity, Turner syndrome, or a family history of diabetes mellitus. Patients with preexisting type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance should be monitored closely. The doses of antidiabetic agents may require adjustment when ZOMACTON is initiated. 5.5 Intracranial Hypertension Intracranial hypertension (IH) with papilledema, visual changes, headache, nausea, and/or vomiting has been reported in a small number of patients treated with somatropin. Symptoms usually occurred within the first eight (8) weeks after the initiation of somatropin. In all reported cases, IH-associated signs and symptoms resolved rapidly after cessation of therapy or a reduction of the somatropin dose. Fundoscopic examination should be performed routinely before initiating treatment with ZOMACTON to exclude preexisting papilledema, and periodically thereafter. If papilledema is observed by fundoscopy, treatment should be stopped. If somatropin-induced IH is diagnosed, treatment with ZOMACTON can be restarted at a lower dose after IH-associated signs and symptoms have resolved. Patients with Turner syndrome may be at increased risk for the development of IH. 5.6 Severe Hypersensitivity Serious systemic hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylactic reactions and angioedema have been reported with postmarketing use of somatropins. Patients and caregivers should be informed that such reactions are possible and that prompt medical attention should be sought if an allergic reaction occurs [see Contraindications (4) ] . 5.7 Fluid Retention Fluid retention during somatropin replacement therapy in adults may frequently occur. Clinical manifestations of fluid retention (e.g. edema, arthralgia, myalgia, nerve compression syndromes including carpal tunnel syndrome/paresthesias) are usually transient and dose dependent. 5.8 Hypoadrenalism Patients receiving somatropin therapy who have or are at risk for pituitary hormone deficiency(s) may be at risk for reduced serum cortisol levels and/or unmasking of central (secondary) hypoadrenalism. In addition, patients treated with glucocorticoid replacement for previously diagnosed hypoadrenalism may require an increase in their maintenance or stress doses following initiation of ZOMACTON. Monitor patients for reduced serum cortisol levels and/or need for glucocorticoid dose increases in those with known hypoadrenalism [see Drug Interactions (7) ] . 5.9 Hypothyroidism Undiagnosed or untreated hypothyroidism may prevent response to ZOMACTON, in particular, the growth response in pediatric patients. Patients with Turner syndrome have an increased risk of developing autoimmune thyroid disease and primary hypothyroidism. In patients with GH deficiency, central (secondary) hypothyroidism may first become evident or worsen during somatropin treatment. Therefore, patients should have periodic thyroid function tests performed, and thyroid hormone replacement therapy should be initiated or appropriately adjusted when indicated. 5.10 Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis in Pediatric Patients Slipped capital femoral epiphysis may occur more frequently in patients undergoing rapid growth. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis may lead to osteonecrosis. Cases of slipped capital femoral epiphysis with or without osteonecrosis have been reported in pediatric patients with short stature receiving somatropin. Evaluate pediatric patients receiving ZOMACTON with the onset of a limp or complaints of hip or knee pain for slipped capital femoral epiphysis and osteonecrosis and manage accordingly. 5.11 Progression of Preexisting Scoliosis in Pediatric Patients Somatropin increases the growth rate and progression of existing scoliosis can occur in patients who experience rapid growth. Somatropin has not been shown to increase the occurrence of scoliosis. Monitor patients with a history of scoliosis for progression of scoliosis. 5.12 Pancreatitis Cases of pancreatitis have been reported in pediatric patients and adults receiving somatropin. The risk may be greater in pediatric patients compared with adults. Published literature indicates that girls who have Turner syndrome may be at greater risk than other pediatric patients receiving somatropin. Pancreatitis should be considered in patients who develop abdominal pain. 5.13 Risk of Serious Adverse Reactions in Infants due to Benzyl Alcohol Preserved Solution Serious and fatal adverse reactions including "gasping syndrome" can occur in neonates and infants treated with benzyl alcohol-preserved drugs, including the bacteriostatic 0.9% sodium chloride diluent provided with ZOMACTON 5 mg. The "gasping syndrome" is characterized by central nervous system depression, metabolic acidosis, and gasping respirations. When administering ZOMACTON 5 mg to infants, reconstitute with 0.9% sodium chloride injection, not with the diluent provided. Use only one dose per vial and discard the unused portion [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. 5.14 Lipoatrophy When somatropin is administered subcutaneously at the same site over a long period of time, tissue atrophy may result. Rotate injection sites when administering ZOMACTON to reduce this risk [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) ] . 5.15 Laboratory Tests Serum levels of inorganic phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone and IGF-1 may increase after ZOMACTON treatment.
Contraindications
ZOMACTON is contraindicated in patients with: Acute critical illness after open heart surgery, abdominal surgery or multiple accidental trauma, or those with acute respiratory failure due to the risk of increased mortality with use of pharmacologic doses of somatropin [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Pediatric patients with Prader-Willi syndrome who are severely obese, have a history of upper airway obstruction or sleep apnea, or have severe respiratory impairment due to the risk of sudden death [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Active malignancy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Known hypersensitivity to somatropin or to any excipients of ZOMACTON. Systemic hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis and angioedema, have been reported with postmarketing use of somatropins [see Dosage and Administrations (2.4) , Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] . Active proliferative or severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Pediatric patients with closed epiphyses. Acute critical illness ( 4 , 5.1 ) Pediatric patients with Prader-Willi syndrome who are severely obese, have a history of upper airway obstruction or sleep apnea, or have severe respiratory impairment due to risk of sudden death ( 4 , 5.2 ) Active malignancy ( 4 ) Hypersensitivity to ZOMACTON, its excipients, or diluents ( 4 ) Active proliferative or severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( 4 ) Pediatric patients with closed epiphyses ( 4 )
Adverse Reactions
The following important adverse reactions are also described elsewhere in the labeling: Increased mortality in patients with acute critical illness [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Fatalities in pediatric patients with Prader-Willi syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Neoplasms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Intracranial hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Severe hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] Fluid retention [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] Hypoadrenalism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) ] Hypothyroidism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) ] Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in pediatric patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ] Progression of preexisting scoliosis in pediatric patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.11) ] Pancreatitis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12) ] Risk of Serious Adverse Reactions in Infants due to Benzyl Alcohol Preservative [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13) ] Lipoatrophy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.14) ] Common adverse reactions reported in adult and pediatric patients include: upper respiratory infection, fever, pharyngitis, headache, otitis media, edema, arthralgia, paresthesia, myalgia, carpal tunnel syndrome, peripheral edema, flu syndrome, hypothyroidism, hyperglycemia, and impaired glucose tolerance. ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-888-337-7464 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed during the clinical trials performed with one somatropin formulation cannot always be directly compared to the rates observed during the clinical trials performed with a different approved somatropin formulation and may not reflect the adverse reaction rates observed in practice. Pediatric Patients Growth Failure due to Inadequate Secretion of Endogenous Growth Hormone ZOMACTON was evaluated in 164 pediatric patients with short stature due to GHD in an open-label study for 24 weeks. The subjects ranged in age from 2.1 to 17.7 years with a mean of 10.8 years. One hundred twenty (73%) of the subjects were male and 44 (27%) were female. Two subjects were Asian, 12 were Black, 130 were Caucasian, and 20 were categorized as 'other'. Table 1: Adverse Reactions ≥ 5% in Pediatric Patients with Growth Failure Due to GHD Treated with ZOMACTON through 24 Weeks Adverse Reaction 24 Week Exposure to ZOMACTON (n=164) Upper respiratory infection 32% Fever 16% Pharyngitis 12% Headache 11% Otitis Media 10% Increased cough 9% Abdominal pain 7% Anemia 6% Maculopapular rash 6% Diarrhea 5% Pain 5% Rhinitis 5% All pediatric patients were carefully observed for signs or laboratory abnormalities of hypothyroidism. Fifteen patients had T4 values which occasionally fell below the central laboratory's lower limit of normal; T4 levels rose to normal when tested during the next visit for all patients except one who continued to be monitored. Six of the 15 patients received thyroxine therapy before and throughout the study period, and thyroxine dose adjustments were made during the study in 3/6 subjects. In studies with GH deficient pediatric patients, injection site pain was reported in 1.6% of patients. A mild and transient edema, which appeared in 1.6% of patients, was observed early during the course of treatment. Short Stature Associated with Turner Syndrome In a randomized, concurrent-controlled, open-label study, there was an increase in the occurrence of otitis media, ear disorders and surgical procedures in patients receiving another somatropin product at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg/week, compared with untreated control patients (Table 2). A similar increase in otitis media was observed in an 18-month placebo-controlled study. Table 2: Adverse Reactions Occurring in Patients with Turner Syndrome Treated with 0.3 mg/kg/week of Another Somatropin product During a 4.7 Year Randomized Open-Label Study Untreated (n=62) Somatropin (n=74) Surgical procedure 27% 45% Otitis media 26% 43% Ear disorders 5% 18% Idiopathic Short Stature Adverse reactions from a randomized, placebo-controlled study of another somatropin product dosed at 0.22 mg/kg/week are presented in Table 3. Mean fasting serum insulin concentration increased 10% in the group treated with another somatropin product at the end of treatment relative to baseline, but remained within the normal reference range. Table 3: Adverse Reactions Occurring in Patients with Idiopathic Short Stature Treated with Another Somatropin product during a 4.4 Year Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study Adverse Reactions Placebo (n=31) Another Somatropin product (n=37) Scoliosis 13% 19% Otitis media 7% 16% Hyperlipidemia 3% 8% Gynecomastia 3% 5% Hip pain 0% 3% Arthralgia 3% 11% Arthrosis 7% 11% Myalgia 13% 24% Hypertension 0% 3% In a dose-response study with 239 patients treated for 2 years, mean fasting blood glucose, mean glycosylated hemoglobin, and the incidence of elevated fasting blood glucose concentrations were similar among dose groups. One patient developed glucose intolerance and high serum HbA 1c . Short Stature or Growth Failure in SHOX Deficiency Adverse reactions from a 2-year open-label study with another somatropin product compared to no treatment are presented in Table 4. During the study, the proportion of patients who had at least one IGF-1 concentration greater than 2.0 SD above the age- and gender-appropriate mean was 37.0% for the somatropin-treated group vs. 0% patients for the untreated group. The proportion of patients who had at least one IGFBP-3 concentration greater than 2.0 SD above the age and gender appropriate mean was 59% for the somatropin treated group vs. 29% for the untreated group. Table 4: Adverse Reactions Occurring in Patients with SHOX Deficiency Treated with Another Somatropin product for 2 years Untreated (n=25) Another Somatropin product (n=27) Arthralgia 8% 11% Gynecomastia 0% 8% Excessive number of cutaneous nevi 0% 7% Scoliosis 0% 4% Small for Gestational Age (SGA) with No Catch-up Growth by 2 Years to 4 Years of Age In a 2-year study, 193 pediatric patients were treated with another somatropin product using 2 different treatment regimens: a fixed dose of 0.067 mg/kg/day (FHD group) or an individually adjusted dose regimen (IAD group; starting dose 0.035 mg/kg/day which could be increased as early as Month 3 to 0.067 mg/kg/day based on a validated growth prediction model). Adverse reactions included common childhood infectious diseases, otitis media, headaches, and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (n=1). Six patients (4 in the FHD group and 2 in the IAD group whose dose was increased from 0.035 mg/kg/day to 0.067 mg/kg/day [one at Month 3 and one at Year 1])) had impaired fasting glucose at Year 2. Two of 6 had impaired fasting glucose during the study, and 1 discontinued treatment at month 15 as a consequence. At study completion, 20-25% of patients had serum IGF-1 SDS values > +2. The following adverse reactions were reported from an observational study of 340 pediatric patients who received another somatropin product with an average dosage of 0.041 mg/kg/day for an average of 3 years: type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=1), carpal tunnel syndrome (n=1) and exacerbation of preexisting scoliosis (n=1). Adult Patients Adult-Onset GH Deficiency In the first 6 months of controlled blinded trials during which patients received either another somatropin product or placebo, patients who received this other somatropin product experienced a statistically significant increase in edema (another somatropin product 17% vs. placebo 4%, p=0.043) and peripheral edema (12% vs. 0%, respectively, p=0.017). Edema, muscle pain, joint pain, and joint disorder were reported early in therapy and tended to be transient or responsive to dosage titration. Two of 113 patients developed carpal tunnel syndrome after beginning maintenance therapy without a low dose (0.00625 mg/kg/day) lead-in phase. Symptoms abated in these patients after dosage reduction. All adverse reactions with ≥5% overall occurrence rate during 12 or 18 months of replacement therapy with another somatropin product are shown in Table 5 (adult-onset patients) and in Table 6 (childhood-onset patients). Adult patients treated with another somatropin product who had been diagnosed with GH deficiency in childhood reported adverse reactions less frequently than those with adult-onset GH deficiency. Table 5: Adverse Reactions Occurring ≥5% in Adult-Onset Growth Hormone-Deficient Patients Treated with Another Somatropin product for 18 Months as Compared with 6-Month Placebo and 12-Month Exposure to Another Somatropin product Abbreviations: GH= another somatropin product; n=number of patients receiving treatment in the period stated 18 Months Exposure Adverse Reaction [Placebo (6 Months)/GH (12 Months)] 18 Months GH Exposure (n=46) (n=52) Edema p=0.04 as compared to placebo (6 months). 15% 21% Arthralgia 15% 17% Paresthesia 13% 17% Myalgia 13% 14% Pain 13% 14% Rhinitis 11% 14% Peripheral edema p=0.02 as compared to placebo (6 months). 17% 12% Back pain 11% 10% Headache 11% 8% Hypertension 4% 8% Acne 0% 6% Joint disorder 2% 6% Surgical procedure 2% 6% Flu syndrome 7% 4% Childhood-Onset GH Deficiency Two double-blind, placebo-controlled trials were conducted in 67 adult patients who had received previous somatropin treatment during childhood. Patients were randomized to receive either placebo injections or another somatropin product (0.00625 mg/kg/day for the first 4 weeks, then 0.0125 mg/kg/day thereafter) for the first 6 months, followed by open-label use of another somatropin product for the next 12 months for all patients. The patients in these studies reported side effects less frequently than those with adult-onset GH deficiency. During the placebo-controlled phase (first 6 months) of the study, elevations of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transferase were reported significantly more often for somatropin-treated (12.5%) than placebo-treated patients (0.0%, p=0.031). No other events were reported significantly more often for somatropin-treated patients during the placebo-controlled phase. Table 6: Adverse Reactions Occurring ≥5% in Childhood-Onset Growth Hormone-Deficient Patients Treated with Another Somatropin product for 18 Months as Compared with 6-Month Placebo and 12-Month Exposure to Another Somatropin product Abbreviations: GH=another somatropin product; n=number of patients receiving treatment in the period stated; ALT=alanine aminotransferase, formerly SGPT; AST=aspartate aminotransferase, formerly SGOT. 18 Months Exposure 18 Months GH Exposure Adverse Reaction [Placebo (6 Months)/GH (12 Months)] (n=35) (n=32) Flu syndrome 23% 16% AST increased p=0.03 as compared to placebo (6 months). 6% 13% Headache 11% 9% Asthenia 3% 6% Cough increased 0% 6% Edema 9% 6% Hypesthesia 0% 6% Myalgia 6% 6% Pain 9% 6% Rhinitis 6% 6% ALT increased 6% 6% Respiratory disorder 6% 3% Gastritis 6% 0% Pharyngitis 14% 3% In an ongoing post-marketing observational study of treatment with another somatropin product in 3,102 GH-deficient adults, hypertension, dyspnea, and sleep apnea were reported by 1% to less than 10% of patients after various durations of treatment. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of somatropin or ZOMACTON. Because the following adverse events are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Gastrointestinal disorders — Pancreatitis Immune system disorders — Serious systemic hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylactic reactions and angioedema Metabolism and nutrition disorders — New-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders – osteonecrosis in pediatric patients Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified — Leukemia has been reported in a small number of GH deficient pediatric patients treated with somatropin, somatrem (methionylated rhGH), and GH of pituitary origin Nervous system disorders — Headaches (common in pediatric patients and occasional in adults) Reproductive system and breast disorders — Gynecomastia Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders — Increase in size or number of cutaneous nevi
Drug Interactions
Table 7 includes a list of drugs with clinically important drug interactions when administered concomitantly with ZOMACTON and instructions for preventing or managing them. Table 7: Clinically Important Drug Interactions with ZOMACTON Glucocorticoids Clinical Impact: Microsomal enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD-1) is required for conversion of cortisone to its active metabolite, cortisol, in hepatic and adipose tissue. ZOMACTON inhibits 11βHSD-1. Consequently, individuals with untreated GH deficiency have relative increases in 11βHSD-1 and serum cortisol. Initiation of ZOMACTON may result in inhibition of 11βHSD-1 and reduced serum cortisol concentrations. Intervention: Patients treated with glucocorticoid replacement for hypoadrenalism may require an increase in their maintenance or stress doses following initiation of ZOMACTON [seeWarnings and Precautions (5.8)]. Examples: Cortisone acetate and prednisone may be affected more than others since conversion of these drugs to their biologically active metabolites is dependent on the activity of 11βHSD-1. Pharmacologic Glucocorticoid Therapy and Supraphysiologic Glucocorticoid Treatment Clinical Impact: Pharmacologic glucocorticoid therapy and supraphysiologic glucocorticoid treatment may attenuate the growth promoting effects of ZOMACTON in pediatric patients. Intervention: Carefully adjust glucocorticoid replacement dosing in pediatric patients receiving glucocorticoid treatments to avoid both hypoadrenalism and an inhibitory effect on growth. Cytochrome P450-Metabolized Drugs Clinical Impact: Limited published data indicate that somatropin treatment increases cytochrome P450 (CP450)-mediated antipyrine clearance. ZOMACTON may alter the clearance of compounds known to be metabolized by CP450 liver enzymes. Intervention: Careful monitoring is advisable when ZOMACTON is administered in combination with drugs metabolized by CP450 liver enzymes. Oral Estrogen Clinical Impact: Oral estrogens may reduce the serum IGF-1 response to ZOMACTON. Intervention: Patients receiving oral estrogen replacement may require greater ZOMACTON dosages [seeDosage and Administration (2.2)] . Insulin and/or Other Hypoglycemic Agents Clinical Impact: Treatment with ZOMACTON may decrease insulin sensitivity, particularly at higher doses. Intervention: Patients with diabetes mellitus may require adjustment of their doses of insulin and/or other hypoglycemic agents [seeWarnings and Precautions (5.4)]. Glucocorticoids: Patients treated with glucocorticoid for hypoadrenalism may require an increase in their maintenance or stress doses following initiation of ZOMACTON ( 7 ) Pharmacologic Glucocorticoid Therapy and Supraphysiologic Glucocorticoid Treatment: Adjust glucocorticoid replacement dosing in pediatric patients receiving glucocorticoid treatment to avoid both hypoadrenalism and an inhibitory effect on growth. ( 7 ) Cytochrome P450-Metabolized Drugs: ZOMACTON may alter the clearance. Monitor carefully if used with ZOMACTON ( 7 ) Oral Estrogen: Larger doses of ZOMACTON may be required ( 7 ) Insulin and/or Other Hypoglycemic Agents: Dose adjustment of insulin or hypoglycemic agent may be required ( 5.4 , 7 )
Storage & Handling
16.2 Storage and Handling Before Reconstitution Store ZOMACTON vials refrigerated at 36° to 46°F (2° to 8°C) in the original carton to protect from light. Avoid freezing the accompanying diluent. After Reconstitution If needed, store ZOMACTON 5 mg vials that have been reconstituted with co-packaged Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP (with 0.9% benzyl alcohol) refrigerated at 36° to 46°F (2° to 8°C) for up to 14 days. Do not freeze. If needed, store ZOMACTON 10 mg vials that have been reconstituted with co-packaged Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP (with 0.33% metacresol) refrigerated at 36° to 46°F (2° to 8°C) for up to 28 days. Do not freeze.
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