DIPRIVAN
Drug Facts
Composition & Profile
Identifiers & Packaging
HOW SUPPLIED DIPRIVAN (propofol) Injectable Emulsion, USP Vials Product No. NDC No. Strength 260910 63323-269-10 100 mg per 10 mL (10 mg per mL) 10 mL ready-to-use single- patient infusion vial in packages of ten. 260929 63323-269-29 200 mg per 20 mL (10 mg per mL) 20 mL ready-to-use single- patient infusion vial in packages of ten. 260950 63323-269-50 500 mg per 50 mL (10 mg per mL) 50 mL ready-to-use single- patient infusion vial in packages of twenty. 260965 63323-269-65 1,000 mg per 100 mL (10 mg per mL) 100 mL ready-to-use single- patient infusion vial in packages of ten. Propofol undergoes oxidative degradation, in the presence of oxygen, and is th refore packaged under nitrogen to eliminate this degradation path. Store between 4° to 25°C (40° to 77°F). Do not freeze. Shake well before use. All trademarks are the property of Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Manufactured for: Fresenius Kabi Logo Lake Zurich, IL 60047 www.fresenius-kabi.com/us Revised: December 2017 Fresenius Kabi Logo; PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL: Anesthesia S/I-40 KIT NDC 49836-025-09 RX-Only Anesthesia S/I-40 Kit Contains: 2 DIPRIVAN † injectable Emulsion, USP (10 mg/mL) (20 mL) 1 B. Braun MINI-SPIKE † Dispensing Pin 1 Sterile Pair Nitrile Powder-Free Gloves (Size 7.5) 5 Sterile Isopropyl Alcohol 70% Prep Pad Needles and Syringes Not Included 1 Dose 1 ONE NEEDLE, ONE SYRINGE, ONLY ONE TIME. Safe Injection Practices Coalition www.ONEandONLYcampaign.org Members of One & Only Campaign DISTRIBUTED BY: SCHMIGS HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788 NDC 49836-025-09 MANUFACTURED BY: RX Pharma Pack HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788 Questions/Comments 1-844-632-7898 Kit Contents: DIPRIVAN † (10 mg/mL)* (Mfd. for: Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC) Propofol Injectable Emulsion, USP MINI-SPIKE † Dispensing Pin * (B. Braun Medical Inc.) Sterile Nitrile Powder-Free Gloves * (Dynarex) - Size 7.5 Sterile Alcohol Prep Pad 70% by Volume * (Dynarex) †All trademarks and registered trademarks noted herein are the property of their respective owners. *Internal package components remain sterile when stated as long as items are unopened and undamaged. WARNING: KEEP THIS AND ALL MEDICATION OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN IN CASE OF ACCIDENTAL OVERDOSE, SEEK PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE OR CONTACT A POISON CONTROL CENTER IMMEDIATELY. PROTECT FROM LIGHT STORE AT CONTROLLED ROOM TEMPERATURE 4-25ºC (40-77ºF) [SEE USP CONTROLLED ROOM TEMPERATURE] DO NOT FREEZE For Single use Only. Directions for Use: See enclosed inserts. SUSTAINABLE Certified Sourcing FORESTRY www.sfiprogram.org INITIATIVE SFI-01376 ORG 07/2017 This product is not eligible for Medicare or Medicaid reimbursement. Anesthesia S/I-40 Anesthesia S/I-40
- HOW SUPPLIED DIPRIVAN (propofol) Injectable Emulsion, USP Vials Product No. NDC No. Strength 260910 63323-269-10 100 mg per 10 mL (10 mg per mL) 10 mL ready-to-use single- patient infusion vial in packages of ten. 260929 63323-269-29 200 mg per 20 mL (10 mg per mL) 20 mL ready-to-use single- patient infusion vial in packages of ten. 260950 63323-269-50 500 mg per 50 mL (10 mg per mL) 50 mL ready-to-use single- patient infusion vial in packages of twenty. 260965 63323-269-65 1,000 mg per 100 mL (10 mg per mL) 100 mL ready-to-use single- patient infusion vial in packages of ten. Propofol undergoes oxidative degradation, in the presence of oxygen, and is th refore packaged under nitrogen to eliminate this degradation path. Store between 4° to 25°C (40° to 77°F). Do not freeze. Shake well before use. All trademarks are the property of Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Manufactured for: Fresenius Kabi Logo Lake Zurich, IL 60047 www.fresenius-kabi.com/us Revised: December 2017 Fresenius Kabi Logo
- PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL: Anesthesia S/I-40 KIT NDC 49836-025-09 RX-Only Anesthesia S/I-40 Kit Contains: 2 DIPRIVAN † injectable Emulsion, USP (10 mg/mL) (20 mL) 1 B. Braun MINI-SPIKE † Dispensing Pin 1 Sterile Pair Nitrile Powder-Free Gloves (Size 7.5) 5 Sterile Isopropyl Alcohol 70% Prep Pad Needles and Syringes Not Included 1 Dose 1 ONE NEEDLE, ONE SYRINGE, ONLY ONE TIME. Safe Injection Practices Coalition www.ONEandONLYcampaign.org Members of One & Only Campaign DISTRIBUTED BY: SCHMIGS HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788 NDC 49836-025-09 MANUFACTURED BY: RX Pharma Pack HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788 Questions/Comments 1-844-632-7898 Kit Contents: DIPRIVAN † (10 mg/mL)* (Mfd. for: Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC) Propofol Injectable Emulsion, USP MINI-SPIKE † Dispensing Pin * (B. Braun Medical Inc.) Sterile Nitrile Powder-Free Gloves * (Dynarex) - Size 7.5 Sterile Alcohol Prep Pad 70% by Volume * (Dynarex) †All trademarks and registered trademarks noted herein are the property of their respective owners. *Internal package components remain sterile when stated as long as items are unopened and undamaged. WARNING: KEEP THIS AND ALL MEDICATION OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN IN CASE OF ACCIDENTAL OVERDOSE, SEEK PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE OR CONTACT A POISON CONTROL CENTER IMMEDIATELY. PROTECT FROM LIGHT STORE AT CONTROLLED ROOM TEMPERATURE 4-25ºC (40-77ºF) [SEE USP CONTROLLED ROOM TEMPERATURE] DO NOT FREEZE For Single use Only. Directions for Use: See enclosed inserts. SUSTAINABLE Certified Sourcing FORESTRY www.sfiprogram.org INITIATIVE SFI-01376 ORG 07/2017 This product is not eligible for Medicare or Medicaid reimbursement. Anesthesia S/I-40 Anesthesia S/I-40
Overview
DIPRIVAN ® (propofol) injectable emulsion, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic emulsion containing 10 mg/mL of propofol suitable for intravenous administration. Propofol is chemically described as 2,6-diisopropylphenol. The structural formula is: DIPRIVAN Structural Formula Propofol is slightly soluble in water and, thus, is formulated in a white, oil-in-water emulsion. The pKa is 11. The octanol/water partition coefficient for propofol is 6761:1 at a pH of 6 to 8.5. In addition to the active component, propofol, the formulation also contains soybean oil (100 mg/mL), glycerol (22.5 mg/mL), egg lecithin (12 mg/mL); and disodium edetate (0.005%); with sodium hydroxide to adjust pH. DIPRIVAN is isotonic and has a pH of 7 to 8.5. DIPRIVAN Structural Formula
Indications & Usage
DIPRIVAN is an IV general anesthetic and sedation drug that can be used as described in the table below. Indication Approved Patient Population Initiation and maintenance of Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) sedation Adults only Combined sedation and regional anesthesia Adults only (see PRECAUTIONS ) Induction of General Anesthesia Patients greater than or equal to 3 years of age Maintenance of General Anesthesia Patients greater than or equal to 2 months of age Intensive Care Unit (ICU) sedation of intubated, mechanically ventilated patients Adults only Safety, effectiveness and dosing guidelines for DIPRIVAN have not been established for MAC Sedation in the pediatric population; therefore, it is not recommended for this use (see PRECAUTIONS, Pediatric Use ). DIPRIVAN is not recommended for induction of anesthesia below the age of 3 years or for maintenance of anesthesia below the age of 2 months because its safety and effectiveness have not been established in those populations. In the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), DIPRIVAN can be administered to intubated, mechanically ventilated adult patients to provide continuous sedation and control of stress responses only by persons skilled in the medical management of critically ill patients and trained in cardiovascular resuscitation and airway management. DIPRIVAN is not indicated for use in Pediatric ICU sedation since the safety of this regimen has not been established (see PRECAUTIONS, Pediatric Use ). DIPRIVAN is not recommended for obstetrics, including Cesarean section deliveries. DIPRIVAN crosses the placenta, and as with other general anesthetic agents, the administration of DIPRIVAN may be associated with neonatal depression (see PRECAUTIONS ). DIPRIVAN is not recommended for use in nursing mothers because propofol has been reported to be excreted in human milk and the effects of oral absorption of small amounts of propofol are not known (see PRECAUTIONS ). USE For preparation of the skin prior to injection.
Dosage & Administration
Propofol blood concentrations at steady-state are generally proportional to infusion rates, especially in individual patients. Undesirable effects such as cardiorespiratory depression are likely to occur at higher blood concentrations which result from bolus dosing or rapid increases in the infusion rate. An adequate interval (3 minutes to 5 minutes) must be allowed between dose adjustments to allow for and assess the clinical effects. Shake well before use. Do not use if there is evidence of excessive creaming or aggregation, if large droplets are visible, or if there are other forms of phase separation indicating that the stability of the product has been compromised. Slight creaming, which should disappear after shaking, may be visible upon prolonged standing. When administering DIPRIVAN by infusion, syringe or volumetric pumps are recommended to provide controlled infusion rates. When infusing DIPRIVAN to patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging, metered control devices may be utilized if mechanical pumps are impractical. Changes in vital signs indicating a stress response to surgical stimulation or the emergence from anesthesia may be controlled by the administration of 25 mg (2.5 mL) to 50 mg (5 mL) incremental boluses and/or by increasing the infusion rate of DIPRIVAN. For minor surgical procedures (e.g., body surface) nitrous oxide (60% to 70%) can be combined with a variable rate DIPRIVAN infusion to provide satisfactory anesthesia. With more stimulating surgical procedures (e.g., intra-abdominal), or if supplementation with nitrous oxide is not provided, administration rate(s) of DIPRIVAN and/or opioids should be increased in order to provide adequate anesthesia. Infusion rates should always be titrated downward in the absence of clinical signs of light anesthesia until a mild response to surgical stimulation is obtained in order to avoid administration of DIPRIVAN at rates higher than are clinically necessary. Generally, rates of 50 mcg/kg/min to 100 mcg/kg/min in adults should be achieved during maintenance in order to optimize recovery times. Other drugs that cause CNS depression (e.g., sedatives, anesthetics, and opioids) can increase CNS depression induced by propofol. Morphine premedication (0.15 mg/kg) with nitrous oxide 67% in oxygen has been shown to decrease the necessary propofol injection maintenance infusion rate and therapeutic blood concentrations when compared to non-narcotic (lorazepam) premedication. Induction of General Anesthesia Adult Patients Most adult patients under 55 years of age and classified as ASA-PS I or II require 2 mg/kg to 2.5 mg/kg of DIPRIVAN for induction when unpremedicated or when premedicated with oral benzodiazepines or intramuscular opioids. For induction, DIPRIVAN should be titrated (approximately 40 mg every 10 seconds) against the response of the patient until the clinical signs show the onset of anesthesia. As with other general anesthetics, the amount of intravenous opioid and/or benzodiazepine premedication will influence the response of the patient to an induction dose of DIPRIVAN. Elderly, Debilitated, or ASA-PS III or IV Patients It is important to be familiar and experienced with the intravenous use of DIPRIVAN before treating elderly, debilitated, or ASA-PS III or IV patients. Due to the reduced clearance and higher blood concentrations, most of these patients require approximately 1 mg/kg to 1.5 mg/kg (approximately 20 mg every 10 seconds) of DIPRIVAN for induction of anesthesia according to their condition and responses. A rapid bolus should not be used, as this will increase the likelihood of undesirable cardiorespiratory depression including hypotension, apnea, airway obstruction, and/or oxygen desaturation (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ). Pediatric Patients Most patients aged 3 years through 16 years and classified ASA-PS I or II require 2.5 mg/kg to 3.5 mg/kg of DIPRIVAN for induction when unpremedicated or when lightly premedicated with oral benzodiazepines or intramuscular opioids. Within this dosage range, younger pediatric patients may require higher induction doses than older pediatric patients. As with other general anesthetics, the amount of intravenous opioid and/or benzodiazepine premedication will influence the response of the patient to an induction dose of DIPRIVAN. A lower dosage is recommended for pediatric patients classified as ASA-PS III or IV. Attention should be paid to minimize pain on injection when administering DIPRIVAN to pediatric patients. Boluses of DIPRIVAN may be administered via small veins if pretreated with lidocaine or via antecubital or larger veins (see PRECAUTIONS, General ). Neurosurgical Patients Slower induction is recommended using boluses of 20 mg every 10 seconds. Slower boluses or infusions of DIPRIVAN for induction of anesthesia, titrated to clinical responses, will generally result in reduced induction dosage requirements (1 mg/kg to 2 mg/kg) (see PRECAUTIONS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ). Cardiac Anesthesia DIPRIVAN has been well-studied in patients with coronary artery disease, but experience in patients with hemodynamically significant valvular or congenital heart disease is limited. As with other general anesthetics and sedation drugs, DIPRIVAN in healthy patients causes a decrease in blood pressure that is secondary to decreases in preload (ventricular filling volume at the end of the diastole) and afterload (arterial resistance at the beginning of the systole). The magnitude of these changes is proportional to the blood and effect site concentrations achieved. These concentrations depend upon the dose and speed of the induction and maintenance infusion rates. In addition, lower heart rates are observed during maintenance with DIPRIVAN, possibly due to reduction of the sympathetic activity and/or resetting of the baroreceptor reflexes. Therefore, anticholinergic agents should be administered when increases in vagal tone are anticipated. As with other anesthetic agents, DIPRIVAN reduces myocardial oxygen consumption. Further studies are needed to confirm and delineate the extent of these effects on the myocardium and the coronary vascular system. Morphine premedication (0.15 mg/kg) with nitrous oxide 67% in oxygen has been shown to decrease the necessary DIPRIVAN maintenance infusion rates and therapeutic blood concentrations when compared to non-narcotic (lorazepam) premedication. The rate of DIPRIVAN administration should be determined based on the patient's premedication and adjusted according to clinical responses. A rapid bolus induction should be avoided. A slow rate of approximately 20 mg every 10 seconds until induction onset (0.5 mg/kg to 1.5 mg/kg) should be used. In order to assure adequate anesthesia, when DIPRIVAN is used as the primary agent, maintenance infusion rates should not be less than 100 mcg/kg/min and should be supplemented with analgesic levels of continuous opioid administration.When an opioid is used as the primary agent, DIPRIVAN maintenance rates should not be less than 50 mcg/kg/min, and care should be taken to ensure amnesia. Higher doses of DIPRIVAN will reduce the opioid requirements (see Table 4). When DIPRIVAN is used as the primary anesthetic, it should not be administered with the high-dose opioid technique as this may increase the likelihood of hypotension (see PRECAUTIONS, Cardiac Anesthesia ). Table 4. Cardiac Anesthesia Techniques Primary Agent Rate Secondary Agent/Rate (Following Induction with Primary Agent) DIPRIVAN OPIOID a /0.05 mcg/kg/min to 0.075 mcg/kg/min (no bolus) Preinduction Anxiolysis 25 mcg/kg/min Induction 0.5 mg/kg to 1.5 mg/kg over 60 sec Maintenance (Titrated to Clinical Response) 100 mcg/kg/min to 150 mcg/kg/min OPIOD b DIPRIVAN /50 mcg/kg/min to 100 mcg/kg/min (no bolus) Induction 25 mcg/kg to 50 mcg/kg Maintenance 0.2 mcg/kg/min to 0.3 mcg/kg/min a OPIOID is defined in terms of fentanyl equivalents, i.e., 1 mcg of fentanyl = 5 mcg of alfentanil (for bolus) = 10 mcg of alfentanil (for maintenance) or = 0.1 mcg of sufentanil b Care should be taken to ensure amnesia. Maintenance of General Anesthesia DIPRIVAN has been used with a variety of agents commonly used in anesthesia such as atropine, scopolamine, glycopyrrolate, diazepam, depolarizing and nondepolarizing muscle relaxants, and opioid analgesics, as well as with inhalational and regional anesthetic agents. In the elderly, debilitated, or ASA-PS III or IV patients, rapid bolus doses should not be used, as this will increase cardiorespiratory effects including hypotension, apnea, airway obstruction, and oxygen desaturation. Adult Patients In adults, anesthesia can be maintained by administering DIPRIVAN by infusion or intermittent IV bolus injection. The patient's clinical response will determine the infusion rate or the amount and frequency of incremental injections. Continuous Infusion DIPRIVAN 100 mcg/kg/min to 200 mcg/kg/min administered in a variable rate infusion with 60% to 70% nitrous oxide and oxygen provides anesthesia for patients undergoing general surgery. Maintenance by infusion of DIPRIVAN should immediately follow the induction dose in order to provide satisfactory or continuous anesthesia during the induction phase. During this initial period following the induction dose, higher rates of infusion are generally required (150 mcg/kg/min to 200 mcg/kg/min) for the first 10 minutes to 15 minutes. Infusion rates should subsequently be decreased 30% to 50% during the first half-hour of maintenance. Generally, rates of 50 mcg/kg/min to 100 mcg/kg/min in adults should be achieved during maintenance in order to optimize recovery times. Other drugs that cause CNS depr ssion (e.g., sedatives, anesthetics, and opioids) can increase the CNS depression induced by propofol. Intermittent Bolus Increments of DIPRIVAN 25 mg (2.5 mL) to 50 mg (5 mL) may be administered with nitrous oxide in adult patients undergoing general surgery. The incremental boluses should be administered when changes in vital signs indicate a response to surgical stimulation or light anesthesia. Pediatric Patients DIPRIVAN administered as a variable rate infusion supplemented with nitrous oxide 60% to 70% provides satisfactory anesthesia for most children 2 months of age or older, ASA-PS I or II, undergoing general anesthesia. In general, for the pediatric population, maintenance by infusion of DIPRIVAN at a rate of 200 mcg/kg/min to 300 mcg/kg/min should immediately follow the induction dose. Following the first half- hour of maintenance, infusion rates of 125 mcg/kg/min to 150 mcg/kg/min are typically needed. DIPRIVAN should be titrated to achieve the desired clinical effect. Younger pediatric patients may require higher maintenance infusion rates than older pediatric patients. (See Table 2 Clinical Trials.) Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) Sedation Adult Patients When DIPRIVAN is administered for MAC sedation, rates of administration should be individualized and titrated to clinical response. In most patients, the rates of DIPRIVAN administration will be in the range of 25 mcg/kg/min to 75 mcg/kg/min. During initiation of MAC sedation, slow infusion or slow injection techniques are preferable over rapid bolus administration. During maintenance of MAC sedation, a variable rate infusion is preferable over intermittent bolus dose administration. In the elderly, debilitated, or ASA-PS III or IV patients, rapid (single or repeated) bolus dose administration should not be used for MAC sedation (see WARNINGS ). A rapid bolus injection can result in undesirable cardiorespiratory depression including hypotension, apnea, airway obstruction, and oxygen desaturation. Initiation of MAC Sedation For initiation of MAC sedation, either an infusion or a slow injection method may be utilized while closely monitoring cardiorespiratory function. With the infusion method, sedation may be initiated by infusing DIPRIVAN at 100 mcg/kg/min to 150 mcg/kg/min (6 mg/kg/h to 9 mg/kg/h) for a period of 3 minutes to 5 minutes and titrating to the desired clinical effect while closely monitoring respiratory function. With the slow injection method for initiation, patients will require approximately 0.5 mg/kg administered over 3 minutes to 5 minutes and titrated to clinical responses. When DIPRIVAN is administered slowly over 3 minutes to 5 minutes, most patients will be adequately sedated, and the peak drug effect can be achieved while minimizing undesirable cardiorespiratory effects occurring at high plasma levels. In the elderly, debilitated, or ASA-PS III or IV patients, rapid (single or repeated) bolus dose administration should not be used for MAC sedation (see WARNINGS ). The rate of administration should be over 3 minutes to 5 minutes and the dosage of DIPRIVAN should be reduced to approximately 80% of the usual adult dosage in these patients according to their condition, responses, and changes in vital signs (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ). Maintenance of MAC Sedation For maintenance of sedation, a variable rate infusion method is preferable over an intermittent bolus dose method. With the variable rate infusion method, patients will generally require maintenance rates of 25 mcg/kg/min to 75 mcg/kg/min (1.5 mg/kg/h to 4.5 mg/kg/h) during the first 10 minutes to 15 minutes of sedation maintenance. Infusion rates should subsequently be decreased over time to 25 mcg/kg/min to 50 mcg/kg/min and adjusted to clinical responses. In titrating to clinical effect, allow approximately 2 minutes for onset of peak drug effect. Infusion rates should always be titrated downward in the absence of clinical signs of light sedation until mild responses to stimulation are obtained in order to avoid sedative administration of DIPRIVAN at rates higher than are clinically necessary. If the intermittent bolus dose method is used, increments of DIPRIVAN 10 mg (1 mL) or 20 mg (2 mL) can be administered and titrated to desired clinical effect. With the intermittent bolus method of sedation maintenance, there is increased potential for respiratory depression, transient increases in sedation depth, and prolongation of recovery. In the elderly, debilitated, or ASA-PS III or IV patients, rapid (single or repeated) bolus dose administration should not be used for MAC sedation (see WARNINGS ). The rate of administration and the dosage of DIPRIVAN should be reduced to approximately 80% of the usual adult dosage in these patients according to their condition, responses, and changes in vital signs (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ). DIPRIVAN can be administered as the sole agent for maintenance of MAC sedation during surgical/diagnostic procedures. When DIPRIVAN sedation is supplemented with opioid and/or benzodiazepine medications, these agents increase the sedative and respiratory effects of DIPRIVAN and may also result in a slower recovery profile (see PRECAUTIONS, Drug Interactions ). ICU Sedation (See WARNINGS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, Handling Procedures .) Abrupt discontinuation of DIPRIVAN prior to weaning or for daily evaluation of sedation levels should be avoided. This may result in rapid awakening with associated anxiety, agitation, and resistance to mechanical ventilation. Infusions of DIPRIVAN should be adjusted to assure a minimal level of sedation is maintained throughout the weaning process and when assessing the level of sedation (see PRECAUTIONS ). Adult Patients For intubated, mechanically ventilated adult patients, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) sedation should be initiated slowly with a continuous infusion in order to titrate to desired clinical effect and minimize hypotension (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ). Most adult ICU patients recovering from the effects of general anesthesia or deep sedation will require maintenance rates of 5 mcg/kg/min to 50 mcg/kg/min (0.3 mg/kg/h to 3 mg/kg/h) individualized and titrated to clinical response (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ). With medical ICU patients or patients who have recovered from the effects of general anesthesia or deep sedation, the rate of administration of 50 mcg/kg/min or higher may be required to achieve adequate sedation. These higher rates of administration may increase the likelihood of patients developing hypotension. Administration should not exceed 4 mg/kg/hour unless the benefits outweigh the risks (see WARNINGS ). Dosage and rate of administration should be individualized and titrated to the desired effect, according to clinically relevant factors including the patient’s underlying medical problems, preinduction and concomitant medications, age, ASA-PS classification, and level of debilitation of the patient. The elderly, debilitated, and ASA-PS III or IV patients may have exaggerated hemodynamic and respiratory responses to rapid bolus doses (see WARNINGS ). DIPRIVAN should be individualized according to the patient's condition and response, blood lipid profile, and vital signs (see PRECAUTIONS , Intensive Care Unit Sedation ). For intubated, mechanically ventilated adult patients, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) sedation should be initiated slowly with a continuous infusion in order to titrate to desired clinical effect and minimize hypotension. When indicated, initiation of sedation should begin at 5 mcg/kg/min (0.3 mg/kg/h). The infusion rate should be increased by increments of 5 mcg/kg/min to 10 mcg/kg/min (0.3 mg/kg/h to 0.6 mg/kg/h) until the desired level of sedation is achieved. A minimum period of 5 minutes between adjustments should be allowed for onset of peak drug effect. Most adult patients require maintenance rates of 5 mcg/kg/min to 50 mcg/kg/min (0.3 mg/kg/h to 3 mg/kg/h) or higher. Administration should not exceed 4 mg/kg/hour unless the benefits outweigh the risks (see WARNINGS ). Dosages of DIPRIVAN should be reduced in patients who have received large dosages of narcotics. The DIPRIVAN dosage requirement may also be reduced by adequate management of pain with analgesic agents. As with other sedative medications, there is interpatient variability in dosage requirements, and these requirements may change with time (see SUMMARY OF DOSAGE GUIDELINES ). Evaluation of level of sedation and assessment of CNS function should be carried out daily throughout maintenance to determine the minimum dose of DIPRIVAN required for sedation (see Clinical Trials, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Sedation). Bolus administration of 10 mg or 20 mg should only be used to rapidly increase depth of sedation in patients where hypotension is not likely to occur. Patients with compromised myocardial function, intravascular volume depletion, or abnormally low vascular tone (e.g., sepsis) may be more susceptible to hypotension (see PRECAUTIONS ). DIRECTIONS Wipe injection site vigorously and discard.
Warnings & Precautions
WARNINGS Use of DIPRIVAN has been associated with both fatal and life-threatening anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions. For general anesthesia or monitored anesthesia care (MAC) sedation, DIPRIVAN should be administered only by persons trained in the administration of general anesthesia and not involved in the conduct of the surgical/diagnostic procedure. Sedated patients should be continuously monitored, and facilities for maintenance of a patent airway, providing artificial ventilation, administering supplemental oxygen, and instituting cardiovascular resuscitation must be immediately available. Patients should be continuously monitored for early signs of hypotension, apnea, airway obstruction, and/or oxygen desaturation. These cardiorespiratory effects are more likely to occur following rapid bolus administration, especially in the elderly, debilitated, or ASA-PS III or IV patients. For sedation of intubated, mechanically ventilated patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), DIPRIVAN should be administered only by persons skilled in the management of critically ill patients and trained in cardiovascular resuscitation and airway management. Use of DIPRIVAN infusions for both adult and pediatric ICU sedation has been associated with a constellation of metabolic derangements and organ system failures, referred to as Propofol Infusion Syndrome, that have resulted in death. The syndrome is characterized by severe metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, lipemia, rhabdomyolysis, hepatomegaly, renal failure, ECG changes* and/or cardiac failure. The following appear to be major risk factors for the development of these events: decreased oxygen delivery to tissues; serious neurological injury and/or sepsis; high dosages of one or more of the following pharmacological agents: vasoconstrictors, steroids, inotropes and/or prolonged, high-dose infusions of propofol (greater than 5 mg/kg/h for greater than 48h). The syndrome has also been reported following large-dose, short-term infusions during surgical anesthesia. In the setting of prolonged need for sedation, increasing propofol dose requirements to maintain a constant level of sedation, or onset of metabolic acidosis during administration of a propofol infusion, consideration should be given to using alternative means of sedation. *Coved ST segment elevation (similar to ECG changes of the Brugada syndrome). Abrupt discontinuation of DIPRIVAN prior to weaning or for daily evaluation of sedation levels should be avoided. This may result in rapid awakening with associated anxiety, agitation, and resistance to mechanical ventilation. Infusions of DIPRIVAN should be adjusted to maintain a light level of sedation through the weaning process or evaluation of sedation level (see PRECAUTIONS ). DIPRIVAN should not be coadministered through the same IV catheter with blood or plasma because compatibility has not been established. In vitro tests have shown that aggregates of the globular component of the emulsion vehicle have occurred with blood/plasma/serum from humans and animals. The clinical significance of these findings is not known. There have been reports in which failure to use aseptic technique when handling DIPRIVAN was associated with microbial contamination of the product and with fever, infection, sepsis, other life-threatening illness, and death. Do not use if contamination is suspected. Discard unused drug product as directed within the required time limits (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, Handling Procedures ). There have been reports, in the literature and other public sources, of the transmission of bloodborne pathogens (such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV) from unsafe injection practices, and use of propofol vials intended for single use on multiple persons. DIPRIVAN vial is never to be accessed more than once or used on more than one person. Pediatric Neurotoxicity Published animal studies demonstrate that the administration of anesthetic and sedation drugs that block NMDA receptors and/or potentiate GABA activity increase neuronal apoptosis in the developing brain and result in long-term cognitive deficits when used for longer than 3 hours. The clinical significance of these findings is not clear. However, based on the available data, the window of vulnerability to these changes is believed to correlate with exposures in the third trimester of gestation through the first several months of life, but may extend out to approximately three years of age in humans (see PRECAUTIONS, Pregnancy, Pediatric Use; ANIMAL TOXICOLOGY AND/OR PHARMACOLOGY ). Some published studies in children suggest that similar deficits may occur after repeated or prolonged exposures to anesthetic agents early in life and may result in adverse cognitive or behavioral effects. These studies have substantial limitations, and it is not clear if the observed effects are due to the anesthetic/sedation drug administration or other factors such as the surgery or underlying illness. Anesthetic and sedation drugs are a necessary part of the care of children needing surgery, other procedures, or tests that cannot be delayed, and no specific medications have been shown to be safer than any other. Decisions regarding the timing of any elective procedures requiring anesthesia should take into consideration the benefits of the procedure weighed against the potential risks. WARNINGS For external use only Flammable, keep away from flame or fire Not for use with electrocautinary devices or procedures Do not use in eyes Sterile unless package is damaged or open Stop use and ask a doctor if: Irritation or redness develops Condition persists for more than 72 hours Cleansing of an injection site Keep out of reach of children. In case of accidental ingestion, seek professional assistance or consult a poison control center immediately.
Contraindications
DIPRIVAN is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to propofol or any of DIPRIVAN components. DIPRIVAN is contraindicated in patients with allergies to eggs, egg products, soybeans or soy products.
Adverse Reactions
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC at 1-800-551-7176 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . General Adverse event information is derived from controlled clinical trials and worldwide marketing experience. In the description below, rates of the more common events represent US/Canadian clinical study results. Less frequent events are also derived from publications and marketing experience in over 8 million patients; there are insufficient data to support an accurate estimate of their incidence rates. These studies were conducted using a variety of premedicants, varying lengths of surgical/diagnostic procedures, and various other anesthetic/sedative agents. Most adverse events were mild and transient. Anesthesia and MAC Sedation in Adults The following estimates of adverse events for DIPRIVAN include data from clinical trials in general anesthesia/MAC sedation (N=2,889 adult patients). The adverse events listed below as probably causally related are those events in which the actual incidence rate in patients treated with DIPRIVAN was greater than the comparator incidence rate in these trials. Therefore, incidence rates for anesthesia and MAC sedation in adults generally represent estimates of the percentage of clinical trial patients which appeared to have probable causal relationship. The adverse experience profile from reports of 150 patients in the MAC sedation clinical trials is similar to the profile established with DIPRIVAN during anesthesia (see below). During MAC sedation clinical trials, significant respiratory events included cough, upper airway obstruction, apnea, hypoventilation, and dyspnea. Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients Generally the adverse experience profile from reports of 506 DIPRIVAN pediatric patients from 6 days through 16 years of age in the US/Canadian anesthesia clinical trials is similar to the profile established with DIPRIVAN during anesthesia in adults (see Pediatric percentages [Peds %] below). Although not reported as an adverse event in clinical trials, apnea is frequently observed in pediatric patients. ICU Sedation in Adults The following estimates of adverse events include data from clinical trials in ICU sedation (N=159 adult patients). Probably related incidence rates for ICU sedation were determined by individual case report form review. Probable causality was based upon an apparent dose response relationship and/or positive responses to rechallenge. In many instances the presence of concomitant disease and concomitant therapy made the causal relationship unknown. Therefore, incidence rates for ICU sedation generally represent estimates of the percentage of clinical trial patients which appeared to have a probable causal relationship. Incidence greater than 1% - Probably Causally Related Anesthesia/MAC Sedation ICU Sedation Cardiovascular: Bradycardia Arrhythmia [Peds: 1.2%] Tachycardia Nodal [Peds: 1.6%] Hypotension* [Peds: 17%] (see also CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY ) Hypertension [Peds: 8%] Bradycardia Decreased Cardiac Output Hypotension 26% Central Nervous System: Movement* [Peds: 17%] Injection Site: Burning/Stinging or Pain, 17.6% [Peds:10%] Metabolic/Nutritional: Hyperlipemia* Respiratory: Apnea (see also CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY) Respiratory Acidosis During Weaning* Skin and Appendages: Rash [Peds: 5%] Pruritus [Peds: 2%] Events without an * or had an incidence of 1% to 3% *Incidence of events 3% to 10% Incidence less than 1% - Probably Causally Related Anesthesia MAC Sedation ICU Sedation Body as a Whole Anaphylaxis/Anaphylactoid Reaction Perinatal Disorder, Tachycardia, Bigeminy, Bradycardia, Premature Ventricular Contractions, Hemorrhage, ECG Abnormal, Arrhythmia Atrial, Fever, Extremities Pain, Anticholinergic Syndrome Cardiovascular: Premature Atrial Contractions Syncope Central Nervous System: Hypertonia/Dystonia, Paresthesia Agitation Digestive: Hypersalivation, Nausea Hemic/Lymphatic: Leukocytosis Injection Site: Phlebitis, Pruritus Metabolic: Hypomagnesemia Musculoskeletal: Myalgia Nervous: Dizziness, Agitation, Chills, Somnolence, Delirium Respiratory: Wheezing, Cough, Laryngospasm, Hypoxia Decreased Lung Function Skin and Appendages: Flushing, Pruritus Special Senses: Amblyopia, Vision Abnormal Urogenital Cloudy Urine Green Urine Incidence less than 1% - Causal Relationship Unknown Anesthesia/MAC Sedation ICU Sedation Body as a Whole Asthenia, Awareness, Chest Pain, Extremities Pain, Fever, Increased Drug Effect, Neck Rigidity/Stiffness, Trunk Pain Fever, Sepsis, Trunk Pain, Whole Body Weakness Cardiovascular Arrhythmia, Atrial Fibrillation, Atrioventricular Heart Block, Bigeminy, Bleeding, Bundle Branch Block, Cardiac Arrest, ECG Abnormal, Edema, Extrasystole, Heart Edema, Extrasystole, Heart Block, Hypertension, Myocardial Infarction, Myocardial Ischemia, Premature Ventricular Contractions, ST Segment Depression, Supraventricular Tachycardia, Tachycardia, Ventricular Fibrillation Arrhythmia, Atrial Fibrillation, Bigeminy, Cardiac Arrest, Extrasystole, Right Heart Failure, Ventricular Tachycardia Central Nervous System: Abnormal Dreams, Agitation, Amorous Behavior, Anxiety, Bucking/Jerking/Thrashing, Chills/Shivering/Clonic/Myoclonic Movement, Combativeness, Confusion, Delirium, Depression, Dizziness, Emotional Lability, Euphoria, Fatigue, Hallucinations, Headache, Hypotonia, Hysteria, Insomnia, Moaning, Neuropathy, Opisthotonos, Rigidity, Seizures, Somnolence, Tremor, Twitching Chills/Shivering, Intracranial Hypertension, Seizures, Somnolence, Thinking Abnormal Digestive: Cramping, Diarrhea, Dry Mouth, Enlarged Parotid, Nausea, Swallowing, Vomiting Ileus, Liver Function Abnormal Hematologic/Lymphatic: Coagulation Disorder, Leukocytosis Injection Site: Hives/Itching, Phlebitis, Redness/Discoloration Metabolic/Nutritional: Hyperkalemia, Hyperlipemia BUN Increased, Creatinine Increased, Dehydration, Hyperglycemia, Metabolic Acidosis, Osmolality Increased Respiratory: Bronchospasm, Burning in Throat, Cough, Dyspnea, Hiccough, Hyperventilation, Hypoventilation, Hypoxia, Laryngospasm, Pharyngitis, Sneezing, Tachypnea, Upper Airway Obstruction Hypoxia Skin and Appendages: Conjunctival Hyperemia, Diaphoresis, Urticaria Rash Special Senses: Diplopia, Ear Pain, Eye Pain, Nystagmus, Taste Perversion, Tinnitus Urogenital: Oliguria, Urine Retention Kidney Failure
Purpose
PURPOSE Antiseptic
Storage & Handling
OTHER INFORMATION Store at room temperature: 15 deg C to 30 deg C 59 deg F to 86 deg F avoid excessive heat Reorder No. 1113 Made in China Manufactured for: Dynarex Corporation Orangeburg, NY 10962 www.dynarex.com Revised: 11/2019
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