Drug Facts
Composition & Profile
Identifiers & Packaging
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Mesalamine delayed-release tablets, USP are available as reddish-brown, oval-shaped, enteric-coated tablets containing 1.2 g mesalamine is imprinted with “M19” in black color on one side and plain on other side supplied in: HDPE Bottle with a child-resistant closure of 120 delayed-release tablets NDC 72603-304-01 Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].; PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL Mesalamine Delayed-Release Tablets, USP 1.2 g - Container Label - 120's count 120scontainer
- 16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Mesalamine delayed-release tablets, USP are available as reddish-brown, oval-shaped, enteric-coated tablets containing 1.2 g mesalamine is imprinted with “M19” in black color on one side and plain on other side supplied in: HDPE Bottle with a child-resistant closure of 120 delayed-release tablets NDC 72603-304-01 Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
- PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL Mesalamine Delayed-Release Tablets, USP 1.2 g - Container Label - 120's count 120scontainer
Overview
Each mesalamine delayed-release tablet, USP for oral administration contains 1.2 g 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA; mesalamine), an anti-inflammatory agent. Mesalamine also has the chemical name 5-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid and its structural formula is: Molecular formula: C 7 H 7 NO 3 Molecular weight: 153.14 The tablet is coated with a pH-dependent polymer film, which breaks down at or above pH 6.8, normally in the terminal ileum where mesalamine then begins to be released from the tablet core. The tablet core contains mesalamine with hydrophilic and lipophilic excipients and provides for extended release of mesalamine. The inactive ingredients of mesalamine delayed-release tablets, USP are colloidal silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate copolymer, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, sodium starch glycolate, talc, titanium dioxide, triethyl citrate, the imprinting ink contains ammonium hydroxide, black iron oxide, propylene glycol and shellac. FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP. mesalaminedrtabsstructure
Indications & Usage
Mesalamine delayed-release tablets are indicated for the: · induction and maintenance of remission in adult patients with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. · treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis in pediatric patients weighing at least 24 kg. Mesalamine delayed-release tablet is an aminosalicylate indicated for the: • induction and maintenance of remission in adult patients with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. ( 1 ) • treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis in pediatric patients weighing at least 24 kg. ( 1 )
Dosage & Administration
Administration Instructions • Evaluate renal function prior to initiation of mesalamine delayed-release tablets and periodically while on therapy. • Swallow mesalamine delayed-release tablets whole; do not split or crush. • Administer mesalamine delayed-release tablets with food [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . • Drink an adequate amount of fluids [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] . Adults • The recommended dosage for the induction of remission in adult patients with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis is 2.4 g to 4.8 g (two to four 1.2 g tablets) taken once daily. • The recommended dosage for the maintenance of remission is 2.4 g (two 1.2 g tablets) taken once daily. Pediatric Patients The recommended dosage for treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis in pediatric patients weighing at least 24 kg who can swallow tablets whole is shown in Table 1: Table 1: Recommended Dosage of Mesalamine Delayed-release Tablets for the Treatment of Mildly to Moderately Active Ulcerative Colitis in Pediatric Patients Weighing at least 24 kg Weight of Pediatric Patient Once Daily Mesalamine Delayed-release Tablets Dosage Week 0 to Week 8 After Week 8 24 kg to 35 kg 2.4 g (two 1.2 g tablets) 1.2 g (one 1.2 g tablet) Greater than 35 kg to 50 kg 3.6 g (three 1.2 g tablets) 2.4 g (two 1.2 g tablets) Greater than 50 kg 4.8 g (four 1.2 g tablets) 2.4 g (two 1.2 g tablets) Administration Instructions • Evaluate renal function prior to initiation of mesalamine delayed-release tablets and periodically while on therapy. ( 2 , 5.1 ) • Swallow mesalamine delayed-release tablets whole; do not split or crush. ( 2 ) • Administer mesalamine delayed-release tablets with food. ( 2 ) • Drink an adequate amount of fluids. ( 2 , 5.8 ) Recommended Dosage in Adults • For induction of remission : 2.4 g to 4.8 g (two to four 1.2 g tablets) once daily. ( 2 ) • For maintenance of remission : 2.4 g (two 1.2 g tablets) once daily. ( 2 ) Recommended Dosage in Pediatric Patients • The recommended dosage for treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis in pediatric patients weighing at least 24 kg who can swallow tablets whole is shown below: ( 2 ) Weight of Pediatric Patient Once Daily Mesalamine Delayed-Release Tablets Dosage Week 0 to Week 8 After Week 8 24 kg to 35 kg 2.4 g (two 1.2 g tablets) 1.2 g (one 1.2 g tablet) Greater than 35 kg to 50 kg 3.6 g (three 1.2 g tablets) 2.4 g (two 1.2 g tablets) Greater than 50 kg 4.8 g (four 1.2 g tablets) 2.4 g (two 1.2 g tablets)
Warnings & Precautions
• Renal Impairment : Assess renal function at the beginning of treatment and periodically during treatment. Evaluate the risks and benefits of mesalamine in patients with known renal impairment or taking nephrotoxic drugs. Discontinue mesalamine if renal function deteriorates while on therapy. ( 5.1 , 7.1 , 8.6 ) • Mesalamine-Induced Acute Intolerance Syndrome : Symptoms may be difficult to distinguish from an ulcerative colitis exacerbation. Monitor for worsening symptoms while on treatment. Discontinue treatment if acute intolerance syndrome is suspected. ( 5.2 ) • Hypersensitivity Reactions, including myocarditis and pericarditis : Evaluate patients immediately and discontinue mesalamine if a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected. ( 5.3 ) • Hepatic Failure : Evaluate the risks and benefits of using mesalamine in patients with known liver impairment. ( 5.4 ) • Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions : Discontinue at the first signs or symptoms of severe cutaneous adverse reactions or other signs of hypersensitivity and consider further evaluation. ( 5.5 ) • Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Obstruction : Avoid in patients with pyloric stenosis or other organic or functional obstruction. ( 5.6 ) • Photosensitivity: Advise patients with pre-existing skin conditions to avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing, and use a broad-spectrum sunscreen when outdoors. ( 5.7 ) • Nephrolithiasis : Cases of nephrolithiasis have been reported with the use of mesalamine. Mesalamine-containing stones are undetectable by standard radiography or computed tomography (CT). Ensure adequate hydration during treatment. ( 5.8 ) • Interference With Laboratory Tests : Use of mesalamine may lead to spuriously elevated test results when measuring urinary normetanephrine by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. ( 5.9 ) 5.1 Renal Impairment Renal impairment, including minimal change disease, acute and chronic interstitial nephritis, and, rarely, renal failure, has been reported in patients given products such as mesalamine that contain mesalamine or are converted to mesalamine. In animal studies, the kidney was the principal organ of mesalamine toxicity [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 ), Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.2 )] . Evaluate renal function prior to initiation of mesalamine therapy and periodically while on therapy. Evaluate the risks and benefits of using mesalamine in patients with known renal impairment, history of renal disease, or taking concomitant nephrotoxic drugs. Discontinue mesalamine if renal function deteriorates while on therapy [see Drug Interactions ( 7.1 ), Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6 )] . 5.2 Mesalamine-Induced Acute Intolerance Syndrome Mesalamine has been associated with an acute intolerance syndrome that may be difficult to distinguish from an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Although the exact frequency of occurrence has not been determined, it has occurred in 3% of patients in controlled clinical trials of mesalamine or sulfasalazine. Symptoms include cramping, acute abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea, and sometimes fever, headache, and rash. Monitor patients closely for worsening of these symptoms while on treatment. If acute intolerance syndrome is suspected, promptly discontinue treatment with mesalamine. 5.3 Hypersensitivity Reactions Hypersensitivity reactions have been reported in patients taking sulfasalazine. Some of these patients may have a similar reaction to mesalamine delayed-release tablets or to other compounds that contain or are converted to mesalamine. As with sulfasalazine, mesalamine-induced hypersensitivity reactions may present as internal organ involvement, including myocarditis, pericarditis, nephritis, hepatitis, pneumonitis, and hematologic abnormalities. Evaluate patients immediately if signs or symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction are present. Discontinue mesalamine if an alternative etiology for the signs or symptoms cannot be established. 5.4 Hepatic Failure There have been reports of hepatic failure in patients with pre-existing liver disease who have been administered mesalamine. Evaluate the risks and benefits of using mesalamine in patients with known liver impairment. 5.5 Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions Severe cutaneous adverse reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) have been reported with the use of mesalamine [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 )] . Discontinue mesalamine at the first appearance of signs or symptoms of severe cutaneous adverse reactions or other signs of hypersensitivity and consider further evaluation. 5.6 Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Obstruction Pyloric stenosis or other organic or functional obstruction in the upper gastrointestinal tract may cause prolonged gastric retention of mesalamine, which would delay mesalamine release in the colon. Avoid mesalamine in patients at risk of upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction. 5.7 Photosensitivity Patients with pre-existing skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis and atopic eczema have reported more severe photosensitivity reactions. Advise patients to avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing, and use a broad-spectrum sunscreen when outdoors. 5.8 Nephrolithiasis Cases of nephrolithiasis have been reported with the use of mesalamine, including stones with a 100% mesalamine content. Mesalamine-containing stones are radiotransparent and undetectable by standard radiography or computed tomography (CT). Ensure adequate hydration during treatment with mesalamine. 5.9 Interference with Laboratory Tests Use of mesalamine may lead to spuriously elevated test results when measuring urinary normetanephrine by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection because of the similarity in the chromatograms of normetanephrine and the main metabolite of mesalamine, N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid (N-Ac-5-ASA). Consider an alternative, selective assay for normetanephrine.
Contraindications
Mesalamine is contraindicated in patients with known or suspected hypersensitivity to salicylates, aminosalicylates, or to any of the ingredients of mesalamine [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 ), Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 ), Description ( 11 )] . Known or suspected hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates or to any of the ingredients of mesalamine. ( 4 )
Adverse Reactions
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in labeling: • Renal impairment, including renal failure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] • Mesalamine-induced acute intolerance syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] • Hypersensitivity reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] • Hepatic failure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] • Severe cutaneous adverse reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] • Upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] • Photosensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] • Nephrolithiasis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] Most common adverse reactions in: • adults (≥2%) are headache, flatulence, liver function test abnormal, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. ( 6.1 ) • pediatric patients (≥5%) are abdominal pain, upper respiratory tract infection, vomiting, anemia, headache, and viral infection. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact NorthStar Rx LLC at 1-800-206-7821 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Adults Induction The most common adverse reactions occurring in at least 1% of mesalamine-or placebo-treated adult patients with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis in two eight-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (Study 1 and Study 2) [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )] are listed in Table 2. Table 2: Adverse Reactions* in Two Eight-Week, Placebo-Controlled Trials of Induction Therapy (Study 1 and Study 2) in Adults with Mildly to Moderately Active Ulcerative Colitis Adverse Reaction Mesalamine 2.4 g once daily (n=177) Mesalamine 4.8 g once daily (n=179) Placebo (n=179) Headache 6% 3% <1% Flatulence 4% 3% 3% Liver Function Test Abnormal <1% 2% 1% Alopecia 0 1% 0 Pruritus <1% 1% 1% *Reported in at least 1% of patients in at least one mesalamine group and greater than placebo Pancreatitis occurred in less than 1% of patients during induction in clinical trials and resulted in discontinuation of therapy with mesalamine in patients experiencing this event. Maintenance of Remission A mesalamine dosage of 2.4 g/day, administered as either 1.2 g twice daily or 2.4 g once daily, was evaluated for safety in three maintenance trials in patients with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis: a 6-month double-blind, active-controlled study (Study 3) [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )] and two 12- to 14-month open-label studies. The most common adverse reactions with mesalamine in these maintenance trials are listed in Table 3. Table 3: Adverse Reactions* in Three Trials of Maintenance of Remission in Adults with Ulcerative Colitis Mesalamine 2.4 g/day † (n=1082) Adverse Reaction % Headache 3% Liver function test abnormal 2% Abdominal pain 2% Diarrhea 2% Abdominal distension 1% Abdominal pain upper 1% Dyspepsia 1% Back pain 1% Rash 1% Arthralgia 1% Fatigue 1% Hypertension 1% *Reported in at least 1% of patients † Administered either as 1.2 g twice daily or 2.4 g once daily The following adverse reactions, presented by body system, were reported in less than 1% of mesalamine -treated patients with ulcerative colitis in either induction or maintenance trials: Cardiac Disorder : tachycardia Ear and Labyrinth Disorders : ear pain Gastrointestinal Disorders : abdominal distention, colitis, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, pancreatitis, rectal polyp, vomiting General Disorders and Administrative Site Disorders : asthenia, face edema, fatigue, pyrexia Investigations : decreased platelet count Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders : arthralgia, back pain Nervous System Disorders : dizziness, somnolence, tremor Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders : pharyngolaryngeal pain Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders : acne, prurigo, rash, alopecia, pruritus, urticaria Vascular Disorders : hypertension, hypotension Pediatrics Mesalamine was evaluated in 105 pediatric patients 5 through 17 years of age with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis [see Clinical Studies ( 14.2 )] . The adverse reaction profile was similar to that of adults. The most common adverse reactions reported in at least 5% of pediatric patients treated with mesalamine were: abdominal pain, upper respiratory tract infection, vomiting, anemia, headache, and viral infection. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of mesalamine or other mesalamine-containing products. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Body as a Whole : lupus-like syndrome, drug fever Cardiac Disorders : pericarditis, pericardial effusion, myocarditis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Gastrointestinal : cholecystitis, gastritis, gastroenteritis, gastrointestinal bleeding, perforated peptic ulcer Hepatic : jaundice, cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, liver necrosis, liver failure, hepatotoxicity, Kawasaki-like syndrome including changes in liver enzymes Hematologic : agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia Immune System Disorders : anaphylactic reaction, angioedema Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders : myalgia, lupus-like syndrome Neurological/Psychiatric : peripheral neuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis, intracranial hypertension Renal Disorders : renal failure, interstitial nephritis, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, nephrolithiasis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 , 5.8 )] • Urine discoloration occurring ex-vivo caused by contact of mesalamine, including inactive metabolite, with surfaces or water treated with hypochlorite-containing bleach Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders : interstitial lung disease, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (including interstitial pneumonitis, allergic alveolitis, eosinophilic pneumonitis), pleurisy/pleuritis Skin: psoriasis, pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum, photosensitivity, SJS/TEN, DRESS, and AGEP [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Urogenital: reversible oligospermia
Drug Interactions
• Nephrotoxic Agents including NSAIDs : Increased risk of nephrotoxicity; monitor for changes in renal function and mesalamine-related adverse reactions. ( 7.1 ) • Azathioprine or 6-Mercaptopurine : Increased risk of blood dyscrasias; monitor complete blood cell counts and platelet counts. ( 7.2 ) 7.1 Nephrotoxic Agents, Including Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs The concurrent use of mesalamine with known nephrotoxic agents, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity. Monitor patients taking nephrotoxic drugs for changes in renal function and mesalamine-related adverse reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. 7.2 Azathioprine and 6-Mercaptopurine The concurrent use of mesalamine with azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine and/or any other drugs known to cause myelotoxicity may increase the risk for blood disorders, bone marrow failure, and associated complications. If concomitant use of mesalamine and azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine cannot be avoided, monitor blood tests, including complete blood cell counts and platelet counts. 7.3 Interference with Urinary Normetanephrine Measurements Use of mesalamine may lead to spuriously elevated test results when measuring urinary normetanephrine by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9 )]. Consider an alternative, selective assay for normetanephrine.
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