Principal Display Panel - 100 Mg

Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets are a beta-adrenergic blocker indicated for the treatment of: Hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. ( 1.1 ) Angina Pectoris. ( 1.2 ) Heart Failure, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality and heart failure hospitalizations in patients with heart failure. ( 1.3 )

Administer once daily. Titrate at weekly or longer intervals as needed and tolerated. ( 2 ) Hypertension: Starting dose is 25 to 100 mg. ( 2.1 ) Angina Pectoris: Starting dose is 100 mg. ( 2.2 ) Heart Failure: Starting dose is 12.5 or 25 mg. ( 2.3 ) Switching from immediate-release metoprolol to metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets: use the same total daily dose of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets. ( 2 )

Metoprolol Succinate Extended-Release Tablets, USP are available containing 23.75 mg, 47.5 mg or 95 mg of metoprolol succinate, USP equivalent to 25 mg, 50 mg or 100 mg of metoprolol tartrate, USP, respectively. The 25 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, round, scored tablets debossed with M above the break line on one side of the tablet and MT1 on the other side. They are available as follows: NDC 51079-169-20 – Unit dose blister packages of 100 (10 cards of 10 tablets each). The 50 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT2 on the other side. They are available as follows: NDC 51079-170-20 – Unit dose blister packages of 100 (10 cards of 10 tablets each). The 100 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT3 on the other side. They are available as follows: NDC 51079-171-03 – Unit dose blister packages of 30 (5 cards of 6 tablets each). Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]

Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets are contraindicated in severe bradycardia, second- or third-degree heart block, cardiogenic shock, decompensated heart failure, sick sinus syndrome (unless a permanent pacemaker is in place), and in patients who are hypersensitive to any component of this product.

Metoprolol succinate is a beta 1 -selective (cardioselective) adrenoceptor blocking agent, for oral administration, available as extended-release tablets. Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets, USP have been formulated to provide a controlled and predictable release of metoprolol for once-daily administration. The tablets comprise a multiple unit system containing metoprolol succinate in a multitude of controlled release pellets. Each pellet acts as a separate drug delivery unit and is designed to deliver metoprolol continuously over the dosage interval. The tablets contain 23.75, 47.5, 95 and 190 mg of metoprolol succinate equivalent to 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg of metoprolol tartrate, USP, respectively. Its chemical name is (±)-1-(Isopropylamino)-3-[ p -(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-2-propanol succinate (2:1) (salt). Its structural formula is: Metoprolol succinate, USP is a white to off-white powder with a molecular weight of 652.81. It is freely soluble in water; soluble in methanol; sparingly soluble in ethanol; slightly soluble in dichloromethane and 2-propanol; practically insoluble in ethyl acetate, acetone, diethyl ether and heptane. Inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, ethyl cellulose, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, sodium stearyl fumarate, titanium dioxide and triacetin.

Catecholamine-depleting drugs may have an additive effect when given with beta-blocking agents. ( 7.1 ) CYP2D6 Inhibitors are likely to increase metoprolol concentration. ( 7.2 ) Beta-blockers including metoprolol, may exacerbate the rebound hypertension that can follow the withdrawal of clonidine. ( 7.3 )

Advise patients to take metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets regularly and continuously, as directed, preferably with or immediately following meals. If a dose is missed, the patient should take only the next scheduled dose (without doubling it). Patients should not interrupt or discontinue metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets without consulting the physician. Advise patients (1) to avoid operating automobiles and machinery or engaging in other tasks requiring alertness until the patient’s response to therapy with metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets has been determined; (2) to contact the physician if any difficulty in breathing occurs; (3) to inform the physician or dentist before any type of surgery that he or she is taking metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets. Heart failure patients should be advised to consult their physician if they experience signs or symptoms of worsening heart failure such as weight gain or increasing shortness of breath. Risk of Hypoglycemia: Inform patients or caregivers that there is a risk of hypoglycemia when metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets are given to patients who are fasting or who are vomiting. Instruct patients or caregivers how to monitor for signs of hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] . The brands listed are trademarks of their respective owners. Manufactured for: Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A. Manufactured by: Mylan Laboratories Limited Hyderabad — 500 096, India Distributed by: Mylan Institutional Inc. Rockford, IL 61103 U.S.A. S-12657 R3 11/23

One hundred forty-four hypertensive pediatric patients aged 6 to 16 years were randomized to placebo or to one of three dose levels of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets (0.2, 1 or 2 mg/kg once daily) and followed for 4 weeks. The study did not meet its primary endpoint (dose response for reduction in SBP). Some pre-specified secondary endpoints demonstrated effectiveness including: Dose-response for reduction in DBP, 1 mg/kg vs. placebo for change in SBP, and 2 mg/kg vs. placebo for change in SBP and DBP. The mean placebo corrected reductions in SBP ranged from 3 to 6 mmHg, and DBP from 1 to 5 mmHg. Mean reduction in heart rate ranged from 5 to 7 bpm but considerably greater reductions were seen in some individuals [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ]. No clinically relevant differences in the adverse event profile were observed for pediatric patients aged 6 to 16 years as compared with adult patients. Safety and effectiveness of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets have not been established in patients < 6 years of age.

Clinical studies of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets in hypertension did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience in hypertensive patients has not identified differences in responses between elderly and younger patients. Of the 1,990 patients with heart failure randomized to metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets in the MERIT-HF trial, 50% (990) were 65 years of age and older and 12% (238) were 75 years of age and older. There were no notable differences in efficacy or the rate of adverse reactions between older and younger patients. In general, use a low initial starting dose in elderly patients given their greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

Long-term studies in animals have been conducted to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of metoprolol tartrate. In 2-year studies in rats at three oral dosage levels of up to 800 mg/kg/day (41 times, on a mg/m 2 basis, the daily dose of 200 mg for a 60-kg patient), there was no increase in the development of spontaneously occurring benign or malignant neoplasms of any type. The only histologic changes that appeared to be drug related were an increased incidence of generally mild focal accumulation of foamy macrophages in pulmonary alveoli and a slight increase in biliary hyperplasia. In a 21-month study in Swiss albino mice at three oral dosage levels of up to 750 mg/kg/day (18 times, on a mg/m 2 basis, the daily dose of 200 mg for a 60-kg patient), benign lung tumors (small adenomas) occurred more frequently in female mice receiving the highest dose than in untreated control animals. There was no increase in malignant or total (benign plus malignant) lung tumors, nor in the overall incidence of tumors or malignant tumors. This 21-month study was repeated in CD-1 mice, and no statistically or biologically significant differences were observed between treated and control mice of either sex for any type of tumor. All genotoxicity tests performed on metoprolol tartrate (a dominant lethal study in mice, chromosome studies in somatic cells, a Salmonella /mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test, and a nucleus anomaly test in somatic interphase nuclei) and metoprolol succinate (a Salmonella /mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test) were negative. No evidence of impaired fertility due to metoprolol tartrate was observed in a study performed in rats at doses up to 22 times, on a mg/m 2 basis, the daily dose of 200 mg in a 60-kg patient.

The following adverse reactions are described elsewhere in labeling: Worsening angina or myocardial infarction [see Warnings and Precautions (5) ]. Worsening heart failure [see Warnings and Precautions (5) ]. Worsening AV block [see Contraindications (4) ].

Signs and Symptoms: Overdosage of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets may lead to severe bradycardia, hypotension, and cardiogenic shock. Clinical presentation can also include atrioventricular block, heart failure, bronchospasm, hypoxia, impairment of consciousness/coma, nausea and vomiting. Treatment: Consider treating the patient with intensive care. Patients with myocardial infarction or heart failure may be prone to significant hemodynamic instability. Beta-blocker overdose may result in significant resistance to resuscitation with adrenergic agents, including beta-agonists. On the basis of the pharmacologic actions of metoprolol, employ the following measures: Hemodialysis is unlikely to make a useful contribution to metoprolol elimination [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Bradycardia: Evaluate the need for atropine, adrenergic-stimulating drugs, or pacemaker to treat bradycardia and conduction disorders. Hypotension: Treat underlying bradycardia. Consider intravenous vasopressor infusion, such as dopamine or norepinephrine. Heart Failure and Shock: May be treated when appropriate with suitable volume expansion, injection of glucagon (if necessary, followed by an intravenous infusion of glucagon), intravenous administration of adrenergic drugs such as dobutamine, with α 1 receptor agonistic drugs added in presence of vasodilation. Bronchospasm: Can usually be reversed by bronchodilators.

Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure lowers the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. These benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes including metoprolol. Control of high blood pressure should be part of comprehensive cardiovascular risk management, including, as appropriate, lipid control, diabetes management, antithrombotic therapy, smoking cessation, exercise, and limited sodium intake. Many patients will require more than 1 drug to achieve blood pressure goals. For specific advice on goals and management, see published guidelines, such as those of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program’s Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC). Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action, have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction, and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs, that is largely responsible for those benefits. The largest and most consistent cardiovascular outcome benefit has been a reduction in the risk of stroke, but reductions in myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality also have been seen regularly. Elevated systolic or diastolic pressure causes increased cardiovascular risk, and the absolute risk increase per mmHg is greater at higher blood pressures, so that even modest reductions of severe hypertension can provide substantial benefit. Relative risk reduction from blood pressure reduction is similar across populations with varying absolute risk, so the absolute benefit is greater in patients who are at higher risk independent of their hypertension (for example, patients with diabetes or hyperlipidemia), and such patients would be expected to benefit from more aggressive treatment to a lower blood pressure goal. Some antihypertensive drugs have smaller blood pressure effects (as monotherapy) in black patients, and many antihypertensive drugs have additional approved indications and effects (e.g., on angina, heart failure, or diabetic kidney disease). These considerations may guide selection of therapy. Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets may be administered with other antihypertensive agents.

Metoprolol Succinate Extended-Release Tablets, USP are available containing 23.75 mg, 47.5 mg, 95 mg or 190 mg of metoprolol succinate, USP equivalent to 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg or 200 mg of metoprolol tartrate, USP, respectively. The 25 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, round, scored tablets debossed with M above the break line on one side of the tablet and MT1 on the other side. The 50 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT2 on the other side. The 100 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT3 on the other side. The 200 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT4 on the other side.

Metoprolol is a beta 1 -selective (cardioselective) adrenergic receptor blocking agent. This preferential effect is not absolute, however, and at higher plasma concentrations, metoprolol also inhibits beta 2 -adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in the bronchial and vascular musculature. Metoprolol has no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, and membrane-stabilizing activity is detectable only at plasma concentrations much greater than required for beta-blockade. Animal and human experiments indicate that metoprolol slows the sinus rate and decreases AV nodal conduction. The relative beta 1 -selectivity of metoprolol has been confirmed by the following: (1) In normal subjects, metoprolol is unable to reverse the beta 2 -mediated vasodilating effects of epinephrine. This contrasts with the effect of nonselective beta-blockers, which completely reverse the vasodilating effects of epinephrine. (2) In asthmatic patients, metoprolol reduces FEV 1 and FVC significantly less than a nonselective beta-blocker, propranolol, at equivalent beta 1 -receptor blocking doses.

Clinical pharmacology studies have confirmed the beta-blocking activity of metoprolol in man, as shown by (1) reduction in heart rate and cardiac output at rest and upon exercise, (2) reduction of systolic blood pressure upon exercise, (3) inhibition of isoproterenol-induced tachycardia, and (4) reduction of reflex orthostatic tachycardia. The relationship between plasma metoprolol levels and reduction in exercise heart rate is independent of the pharmaceutical formulation. Beta 1 -blocking effects in the range of 30-80% of the maximal effect (approximately 8 to 23% reduction in exercise heart rate) correspond to metoprolol plasma concentrations from 30 to 540 nmol/L. The relative beta 1 -selectivity of metoprolol diminishes and blockade of beta 2 -adrenoceptors increases at plasma concentration above 300 nmol/L. In five controlled studies in normal healthy subjects, extended-release metoprolol succinate administered once a day, and immediate-release metoprolol administered once to four times a day, provided comparable total beta 1 -blockade over 24 hours (area under the beta 1 -blockade versus time curve) in the dose range 100 to 400 mg. In another controlled study, 50 mg once daily for each product, extended-release metoprolol succinate produced significantly higher total beta 1 -blockade over 24 hours than immediate-release metoprolol. For extended-release metoprolol succinate, the percent reduction in exercise heart rate was relatively stable throughout the entire dosage interval and the level of beta 1 -blockade increased with increasing doses from 50 to 300 mg daily. A controlled cross-over study in heart failure patients compared the plasma concentrations and beta 1 -blocking effects of 50 mg immediate-release metoprolol administered t.i.d., and 100 mg and 200 mg extended-release metoprolol succinate once daily. Extended-release metoprolol succinate 200 mg once daily produced a larger effect on suppression of exercise-induced and Holter-monitored heart rate over 24 hours compared to 50 mg t.i.d. of immediate-release metoprolol. In other studies, treatment with metoprolol succinate produced an improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction. Metoprolol succinate was also shown to delay the increase in left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes after 6 months of treatment. Although beta-adrenergic receptor blockade is useful in the treatment of angina, hypertension, and heart failure there are situations in which sympathetic stimulation is vital. In patients with severely damaged hearts, adequate ventricular function may depend on sympathetic drive. In the presence of AV block, beta-blockade may prevent the necessary facilitating effect of sympathetic activity on conduction. Beta 2 -adrenergic blockade results in passive bronchial constriction by interfering with endogenous adrenergic bronchodilator activity in patients subject to bronchospasm and may also interfere with exogenous bronchodilators in such patients.

Hepatic Impairment: Consider initiating metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets therapy at low doses and gradually increase dosage to optimize therapy, while monitoring closely for adverse events. ( 8.6 )

Abrupt cessation may exacerbate myocardial ischemia. ( 5 .1) Heart Failure: Worsening cardiac failure may occur. ( 5.2 ) Bronchospastic Disease: Avoid beta-blockers. ( 5.3 ) Concomitant use of glycosides, clonidine, diltiazem and verapamil with beta-blockers can increase the risk of bradycardia. ( 5.4 ) Pheochromocytoma: Initiate therapy with an alpha-blocker. ( 5.5 ) Major Surgery: Avoid initiation of high-dose extended-release metoprolol in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Do not routinely withdraw chronic beta-blocker therapy prior to surgery. ( 5.6 , 6.1 ) Hypoglycemia: May increase risk for hypoglycemia and mask early warning signs. ( 5.7 ) Thyrotoxicosis: Abrupt withdrawal in patients with thyrotoxicosis might precipitate a thyroid storm. ( 5.8 ) Peripheral Vascular Disease: Can aggravate symptoms of arterial insufficiency. ( 5.9 ) Patients may be unresponsive to the usual doses of epinephrine used to treat allergic reaction. ( 5.10 )

NDC 51079-169-20 Metoprolol Succinate Extended-Release Tablets, USP 25 mg* CAUTION Verify Product Dispensed 100 Tablets (10 x 10) *Each film-coated tablet contains 23.75 mg metoprolol succinate, USP equivalent to 25 mg of metoprolol tartrate, USP. Usual Dosage: See accompanying prescribing information. Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F).   [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Code No.: MH/DRUGS/25/NKD/89 Manufactured for: Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A. Made in India Rx only S-11137 R2 Distributed by: Mylan Institutional Inc. Rockford, IL 61103 U.S.A. This unit dose package is not child resistant. For institutional use only. Keep this and all drugs out of the reach of children. This container provides light-resistance. See window for lot number and expiration date.

Untreated hypertension and heart failure during pregnancy can lead to adverse outcomes for the mother and the fetus (see Clinical Considerations ) . Available data from published observational studies have not demonstrated a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes with metoprolol use during pregnancy. However, there are inconsistent reports of intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, and perinatal mortality with maternal use of beta-blockers, including metoprolol, during pregnancy (see Data ) . In animal reproduction studies, metoprolol has been shown to increase post-implantation loss and decrease neonatal survival in rats at oral dosages of 500 mg/kg/day, approximately 24 times the daily dose of 200 mg in a 60-kg patient on a mg/m 2 basis. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.

Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets are a beta-adrenergic blocker indicated for the treatment of: Hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. ( 1.1 ) Angina Pectoris. ( 1.2 ) Heart Failure, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality and heart failure hospitalizations in patients with heart failure. ( 1.3 )

Administer once daily. Titrate at weekly or longer intervals as needed and tolerated. ( 2 ) Hypertension: Starting dose is 25 to 100 mg. ( 2.1 ) Angina Pectoris: Starting dose is 100 mg. ( 2.2 ) Heart Failure: Starting dose is 12.5 or 25 mg. ( 2.3 ) Switching from immediate-release metoprolol to metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets: use the same total daily dose of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets. ( 2 )

Metoprolol Succinate Extended-Release Tablets, USP are available containing 23.75 mg, 47.5 mg or 95 mg of metoprolol succinate, USP equivalent to 25 mg, 50 mg or 100 mg of metoprolol tartrate, USP, respectively. The 25 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, round, scored tablets debossed with M above the break line on one side of the tablet and MT1 on the other side. They are available as follows: NDC 51079-169-20 – Unit dose blister packages of 100 (10 cards of 10 tablets each). The 50 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT2 on the other side. They are available as follows: NDC 51079-170-20 – Unit dose blister packages of 100 (10 cards of 10 tablets each). The 100 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT3 on the other side. They are available as follows: NDC 51079-171-03 – Unit dose blister packages of 30 (5 cards of 6 tablets each). Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]

Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets are contraindicated in severe bradycardia, second- or third-degree heart block, cardiogenic shock, decompensated heart failure, sick sinus syndrome (unless a permanent pacemaker is in place), and in patients who are hypersensitive to any component of this product.

Catecholamine-depleting drugs may have an additive effect when given with beta-blocking agents. ( 7.1 ) CYP2D6 Inhibitors are likely to increase metoprolol concentration. ( 7.2 ) Beta-blockers including metoprolol, may exacerbate the rebound hypertension that can follow the withdrawal of clonidine. ( 7.3 )

Advise patients to take metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets regularly and continuously, as directed, preferably with or immediately following meals. If a dose is missed, the patient should take only the next scheduled dose (without doubling it). Patients should not interrupt or discontinue metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets without consulting the physician. Advise patients (1) to avoid operating automobiles and machinery or engaging in other tasks requiring alertness until the patient’s response to therapy with metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets has been determined; (2) to contact the physician if any difficulty in breathing occurs; (3) to inform the physician or dentist before any type of surgery that he or she is taking metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets. Heart failure patients should be advised to consult their physician if they experience signs or symptoms of worsening heart failure such as weight gain or increasing shortness of breath. Risk of Hypoglycemia: Inform patients or caregivers that there is a risk of hypoglycemia when metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets are given to patients who are fasting or who are vomiting. Instruct patients or caregivers how to monitor for signs of hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] . The brands listed are trademarks of their respective owners. Manufactured for: Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A. Manufactured by: Mylan Laboratories Limited Hyderabad — 500 096, India Distributed by: Mylan Institutional Inc. Rockford, IL 61103 U.S.A. S-12657 R3 11/23

One hundred forty-four hypertensive pediatric patients aged 6 to 16 years were randomized to placebo or to one of three dose levels of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets (0.2, 1 or 2 mg/kg once daily) and followed for 4 weeks. The study did not meet its primary endpoint (dose response for reduction in SBP). Some pre-specified secondary endpoints demonstrated effectiveness including: Dose-response for reduction in DBP, 1 mg/kg vs. placebo for change in SBP, and 2 mg/kg vs. placebo for change in SBP and DBP. The mean placebo corrected reductions in SBP ranged from 3 to 6 mmHg, and DBP from 1 to 5 mmHg. Mean reduction in heart rate ranged from 5 to 7 bpm but considerably greater reductions were seen in some individuals [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ]. No clinically relevant differences in the adverse event profile were observed for pediatric patients aged 6 to 16 years as compared with adult patients. Safety and effectiveness of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets have not been established in patients < 6 years of age.

Clinical studies of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets in hypertension did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience in hypertensive patients has not identified differences in responses between elderly and younger patients. Of the 1,990 patients with heart failure randomized to metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets in the MERIT-HF trial, 50% (990) were 65 years of age and older and 12% (238) were 75 years of age and older. There were no notable differences in efficacy or the rate of adverse reactions between older and younger patients. In general, use a low initial starting dose in elderly patients given their greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

Long-term studies in animals have been conducted to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of metoprolol tartrate. In 2-year studies in rats at three oral dosage levels of up to 800 mg/kg/day (41 times, on a mg/m 2 basis, the daily dose of 200 mg for a 60-kg patient), there was no increase in the development of spontaneously occurring benign or malignant neoplasms of any type. The only histologic changes that appeared to be drug related were an increased incidence of generally mild focal accumulation of foamy macrophages in pulmonary alveoli and a slight increase in biliary hyperplasia. In a 21-month study in Swiss albino mice at three oral dosage levels of up to 750 mg/kg/day (18 times, on a mg/m 2 basis, the daily dose of 200 mg for a 60-kg patient), benign lung tumors (small adenomas) occurred more frequently in female mice receiving the highest dose than in untreated control animals. There was no increase in malignant or total (benign plus malignant) lung tumors, nor in the overall incidence of tumors or malignant tumors. This 21-month study was repeated in CD-1 mice, and no statistically or biologically significant differences were observed between treated and control mice of either sex for any type of tumor. All genotoxicity tests performed on metoprolol tartrate (a dominant lethal study in mice, chromosome studies in somatic cells, a Salmonella /mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test, and a nucleus anomaly test in somatic interphase nuclei) and metoprolol succinate (a Salmonella /mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test) were negative. No evidence of impaired fertility due to metoprolol tartrate was observed in a study performed in rats at doses up to 22 times, on a mg/m 2 basis, the daily dose of 200 mg in a 60-kg patient.

The following adverse reactions are described elsewhere in labeling: Worsening angina or myocardial infarction [see Warnings and Precautions (5) ]. Worsening heart failure [see Warnings and Precautions (5) ]. Worsening AV block [see Contraindications (4) ].

Signs and Symptoms: Overdosage of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets may lead to severe bradycardia, hypotension, and cardiogenic shock. Clinical presentation can also include atrioventricular block, heart failure, bronchospasm, hypoxia, impairment of consciousness/coma, nausea and vomiting. Treatment: Consider treating the patient with intensive care. Patients with myocardial infarction or heart failure may be prone to significant hemodynamic instability. Beta-blocker overdose may result in significant resistance to resuscitation with adrenergic agents, including beta-agonists. On the basis of the pharmacologic actions of metoprolol, employ the following measures: Hemodialysis is unlikely to make a useful contribution to metoprolol elimination [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Bradycardia: Evaluate the need for atropine, adrenergic-stimulating drugs, or pacemaker to treat bradycardia and conduction disorders. Hypotension: Treat underlying bradycardia. Consider intravenous vasopressor infusion, such as dopamine or norepinephrine. Heart Failure and Shock: May be treated when appropriate with suitable volume expansion, injection of glucagon (if necessary, followed by an intravenous infusion of glucagon), intravenous administration of adrenergic drugs such as dobutamine, with α 1 receptor agonistic drugs added in presence of vasodilation. Bronchospasm: Can usually be reversed by bronchodilators.

Metoprolol succinate is a beta 1 -selective (cardioselective) adrenoceptor blocking agent, for oral administration, available as extended-release tablets. Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets, USP have been formulated to provide a controlled and predictable release of metoprolol for once-daily administration. The tablets comprise a multiple unit system containing metoprolol succinate in a multitude of controlled release pellets. Each pellet acts as a separate drug delivery unit and is designed to deliver metoprolol continuously over the dosage interval. The tablets contain 23.75, 47.5, 95 and 190 mg of metoprolol succinate equivalent to 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg of metoprolol tartrate, USP, respectively. Its chemical name is (±)-1-(Isopropylamino)-3-[ p -(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-2-propanol succinate (2:1) (salt). Its structural formula is: Metoprolol succinate, USP is a white to off-white powder with a molecular weight of 652.81. It is freely soluble in water; soluble in methanol; sparingly soluble in ethanol; slightly soluble in dichloromethane and 2-propanol; practically insoluble in ethyl acetate, acetone, diethyl ether and heptane. Inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, ethyl cellulose, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, sodium stearyl fumarate, titanium dioxide and triacetin.

Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure lowers the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. These benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes including metoprolol. Control of high blood pressure should be part of comprehensive cardiovascular risk management, including, as appropriate, lipid control, diabetes management, antithrombotic therapy, smoking cessation, exercise, and limited sodium intake. Many patients will require more than 1 drug to achieve blood pressure goals. For specific advice on goals and management, see published guidelines, such as those of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program’s Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC). Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action, have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction, and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs, that is largely responsible for those benefits. The largest and most consistent cardiovascular outcome benefit has been a reduction in the risk of stroke, but reductions in myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality also have been seen regularly. Elevated systolic or diastolic pressure causes increased cardiovascular risk, and the absolute risk increase per mmHg is greater at higher blood pressures, so that even modest reductions of severe hypertension can provide substantial benefit. Relative risk reduction from blood pressure reduction is similar across populations with varying absolute risk, so the absolute benefit is greater in patients who are at higher risk independent of their hypertension (for example, patients with diabetes or hyperlipidemia), and such patients would be expected to benefit from more aggressive treatment to a lower blood pressure goal. Some antihypertensive drugs have smaller blood pressure effects (as monotherapy) in black patients, and many antihypertensive drugs have additional approved indications and effects (e.g., on angina, heart failure, or diabetic kidney disease). These considerations may guide selection of therapy. Metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets may be administered with other antihypertensive agents.

Metoprolol Succinate Extended-Release Tablets, USP are available containing 23.75 mg, 47.5 mg, 95 mg or 190 mg of metoprolol succinate, USP equivalent to 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg or 200 mg of metoprolol tartrate, USP, respectively. The 25 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, round, scored tablets debossed with M above the break line on one side of the tablet and MT1 on the other side. The 50 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT2 on the other side. The 100 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT3 on the other side. The 200 mg tablets are white to off-white, film-coated, oval, scored tablets debossed with M on one side of the break line on one side of the tablet and MT4 on the other side.

Metoprolol is a beta 1 -selective (cardioselective) adrenergic receptor blocking agent. This preferential effect is not absolute, however, and at higher plasma concentrations, metoprolol also inhibits beta 2 -adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in the bronchial and vascular musculature. Metoprolol has no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, and membrane-stabilizing activity is detectable only at plasma concentrations much greater than required for beta-blockade. Animal and human experiments indicate that metoprolol slows the sinus rate and decreases AV nodal conduction. The relative beta 1 -selectivity of metoprolol has been confirmed by the following: (1) In normal subjects, metoprolol is unable to reverse the beta 2 -mediated vasodilating effects of epinephrine. This contrasts with the effect of nonselective beta-blockers, which completely reverse the vasodilating effects of epinephrine. (2) In asthmatic patients, metoprolol reduces FEV 1 and FVC significantly less than a nonselective beta-blocker, propranolol, at equivalent beta 1 -receptor blocking doses.

Clinical pharmacology studies have confirmed the beta-blocking activity of metoprolol in man, as shown by (1) reduction in heart rate and cardiac output at rest and upon exercise, (2) reduction of systolic blood pressure upon exercise, (3) inhibition of isoproterenol-induced tachycardia, and (4) reduction of reflex orthostatic tachycardia. The relationship between plasma metoprolol levels and reduction in exercise heart rate is independent of the pharmaceutical formulation. Beta 1 -blocking effects in the range of 30-80% of the maximal effect (approximately 8 to 23% reduction in exercise heart rate) correspond to metoprolol plasma concentrations from 30 to 540 nmol/L. The relative beta 1 -selectivity of metoprolol diminishes and blockade of beta 2 -adrenoceptors increases at plasma concentration above 300 nmol/L. In five controlled studies in normal healthy subjects, extended-release metoprolol succinate administered once a day, and immediate-release metoprolol administered once to four times a day, provided comparable total beta 1 -blockade over 24 hours (area under the beta 1 -blockade versus time curve) in the dose range 100 to 400 mg. In another controlled study, 50 mg once daily for each product, extended-release metoprolol succinate produced significantly higher total beta 1 -blockade over 24 hours than immediate-release metoprolol. For extended-release metoprolol succinate, the percent reduction in exercise heart rate was relatively stable throughout the entire dosage interval and the level of beta 1 -blockade increased with increasing doses from 50 to 300 mg daily. A controlled cross-over study in heart failure patients compared the plasma concentrations and beta 1 -blocking effects of 50 mg immediate-release metoprolol administered t.i.d., and 100 mg and 200 mg extended-release metoprolol succinate once daily. Extended-release metoprolol succinate 200 mg once daily produced a larger effect on suppression of exercise-induced and Holter-monitored heart rate over 24 hours compared to 50 mg t.i.d. of immediate-release metoprolol. In other studies, treatment with metoprolol succinate produced an improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction. Metoprolol succinate was also shown to delay the increase in left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes after 6 months of treatment. Although beta-adrenergic receptor blockade is useful in the treatment of angina, hypertension, and heart failure there are situations in which sympathetic stimulation is vital. In patients with severely damaged hearts, adequate ventricular function may depend on sympathetic drive. In the presence of AV block, beta-blockade may prevent the necessary facilitating effect of sympathetic activity on conduction. Beta 2 -adrenergic blockade results in passive bronchial constriction by interfering with endogenous adrenergic bronchodilator activity in patients subject to bronchospasm and may also interfere with exogenous bronchodilators in such patients.

Hepatic Impairment: Consider initiating metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets therapy at low doses and gradually increase dosage to optimize therapy, while monitoring closely for adverse events. ( 8.6 )

Abrupt cessation may exacerbate myocardial ischemia. ( 5 .1) Heart Failure: Worsening cardiac failure may occur. ( 5.2 ) Bronchospastic Disease: Avoid beta-blockers. ( 5.3 ) Concomitant use of glycosides, clonidine, diltiazem and verapamil with beta-blockers can increase the risk of bradycardia. ( 5.4 ) Pheochromocytoma: Initiate therapy with an alpha-blocker. ( 5.5 ) Major Surgery: Avoid initiation of high-dose extended-release metoprolol in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Do not routinely withdraw chronic beta-blocker therapy prior to surgery. ( 5.6 , 6.1 ) Hypoglycemia: May increase risk for hypoglycemia and mask early warning signs. ( 5.7 ) Thyrotoxicosis: Abrupt withdrawal in patients with thyrotoxicosis might precipitate a thyroid storm. ( 5.8 ) Peripheral Vascular Disease: Can aggravate symptoms of arterial insufficiency. ( 5.9 ) Patients may be unresponsive to the usual doses of epinephrine used to treat allergic reaction. ( 5.10 )

NDC 51079-169-20 Metoprolol Succinate Extended-Release Tablets, USP 25 mg* CAUTION Verify Product Dispensed 100 Tablets (10 x 10) *Each film-coated tablet contains 23.75 mg metoprolol succinate, USP equivalent to 25 mg of metoprolol tartrate, USP. Usual Dosage: See accompanying prescribing information. Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F).   [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Code No.: MH/DRUGS/25/NKD/89 Manufactured for: Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A. Made in India Rx only S-11137 R2 Distributed by: Mylan Institutional Inc. Rockford, IL 61103 U.S.A. This unit dose package is not child resistant. For institutional use only. Keep this and all drugs out of the reach of children. This container provides light-resistance. See window for lot number and expiration date.

Untreated hypertension and heart failure during pregnancy can lead to adverse outcomes for the mother and the fetus (see Clinical Considerations ) . Available data from published observational studies have not demonstrated a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes with metoprolol use during pregnancy. However, there are inconsistent reports of intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, and perinatal mortality with maternal use of beta-blockers, including metoprolol, during pregnancy (see Data ) . In animal reproduction studies, metoprolol has been shown to increase post-implantation loss and decrease neonatal survival in rats at oral dosages of 500 mg/kg/day, approximately 24 times the daily dose of 200 mg in a 60-kg patient on a mg/m 2 basis. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.